食品认证的民事责任研究
发布时间：2018-10-13 09:20
【摘要】：食品安全一直都是公众普遍关注和热议的话题，因为它关系民生，决定着每个人的生命健康。由于消费者与食品生产商在专业知识方面存在着很大程度的信息不对称，适应消费者了解食品安全信息的需要，食品认证机构应运而生。然而目前市场上一些食品认证机构鱼目混杂，不仅不能确保认证的严谨性，甚至还存在一些虚假、欺诈认证行为。 本文旨在通过现有的法规政策和司法解释的规定，探究食品认证及其民事责任在立法和司法上的问题及问题产生的成因，深入分析食品认证行为的民事责任形态，找出食品认证机构承担民事责任最合理的方式以及责任的限制，寻求食品认证民事责任实现的具体途径，构建一个完整的食品认证民事责任的框架。本文由六部分组成： 第一部分引言以“三鹿事件”导入，分析食品认证在我国理论界与实践中所存在的相关问题，，并且结合美国学者的理论观点和我国学者的相关研究成果，找出食品认证民事责任所要解决的问题所在。 第二部分主要是界定食品认证，明确了食品认证责任承担主体的性质，另外还详细的分析了食品认证行为各主体之间的法律关系以及法律关系的内容。 第三部分是食品认证民事责任的归结，首先从学理上找出食品认证民事责任的理论依据，剖析了食品认证民事责任归责原则、构成要件等。 第四部分探究了食品认证损害赔偿责任的责任形态问题，主要分析了司法解释中规定的连带责任同时还论及食品认证机构不真正连带责任和补充责任的责任形态以及特殊情况下的单独责任。 第五部分研究食品认证责任的减免问题，分析了四种可能发生的情形，考虑到食品认证机构的第三方地位以及现实情况等因素，应当对食品认证机构的损害赔偿责任加以限制以促进行业的发展和确保公平原则的实现。 第六部分探究食品认证民事责任实现的可能和方式，通过借鉴大规模侵权行为赔偿基金制度的相关理念和律师事务所的责任保险制度，推进食品认证机构民事责任的承担机制的确定性和多元化。
[Abstract]:Food safety has always been a hot topic of public concern, because it affects people's livelihood and determines everyone's life and health. Because consumers and food producers have a large degree of information asymmetry in terms of professional knowledge, food certification organizations emerge as the times require to meet the needs of consumers to understand food safety information. However, some food certification organizations in the market are mixed, not only can not ensure the rigor of certification, but also exist some false, fraudulent certification behavior. The purpose of this paper is to probe into the problems of food certification and its civil liability in legislation and judicature and the causes of the problems through the existing regulations and policies and the provisions of judicial interpretation, and to analyze deeply the civil liability patterns of food certification. Find out the most reasonable way and limitation of the civil liability of food certification organization, seek the concrete way to realize the civil liability of food certification, and construct a complete framework of civil liability for food certification. This paper is composed of six parts: the first part is the introduction of "Sanlu incident" to analyze the related problems of food certification in the field of theory and practice in our country. Combined with the theoretical viewpoints of American scholars and the related research results of Chinese scholars, the problems to be solved for civil liability for food certification are found out. The second part is to define the food certification, clear the nature of the main body of the responsibility for food certification, in addition to a detailed analysis of the legal relationship between the main body of food certification and the content of the legal relationship. The third part is the summary of civil liability of food certification. Firstly, it finds out the theoretical basis of civil liability of food certification, analyzes the principle of civil liability of food certification, and the constitutive elements. The fourth part explores the liability form of food certification damage liability. This paper mainly analyzes the joint and several liability stipulated in the judicial interpretation, and also discusses the forms of the joint and several liability and the individual liability under the special circumstances when the food certification organization is not true joint and several liability and supplementary liability. The fifth part studies the relief of food certification liability, analyzes the four possible scenarios, considering the third-party status of food certification bodies and the reality of the situation. The liability of food certification bodies for damages should be limited to promote the development of the industry and ensure the realization of the principle of equity. The sixth part explores the possibility and the way to realize the civil liability of food certification, by learning from the related ideas of the large-scale tort compensation fund system and the liability insurance system of the law firm, To promote the certainty and diversification of the civil liability of food certification bodies.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;D923
本文编号：2268078
[Abstract]:Food safety has always been a hot topic of public concern, because it affects people's livelihood and determines everyone's life and health. Because consumers and food producers have a large degree of information asymmetry in terms of professional knowledge, food certification organizations emerge as the times require to meet the needs of consumers to understand food safety information. However, some food certification organizations in the market are mixed, not only can not ensure the rigor of certification, but also exist some false, fraudulent certification behavior. The purpose of this paper is to probe into the problems of food certification and its civil liability in legislation and judicature and the causes of the problems through the existing regulations and policies and the provisions of judicial interpretation, and to analyze deeply the civil liability patterns of food certification. Find out the most reasonable way and limitation of the civil liability of food certification organization, seek the concrete way to realize the civil liability of food certification, and construct a complete framework of civil liability for food certification. This paper is composed of six parts: the first part is the introduction of "Sanlu incident" to analyze the related problems of food certification in the field of theory and practice in our country. Combined with the theoretical viewpoints of American scholars and the related research results of Chinese scholars, the problems to be solved for civil liability for food certification are found out. The second part is to define the food certification, clear the nature of the main body of the responsibility for food certification, in addition to a detailed analysis of the legal relationship between the main body of food certification and the content of the legal relationship. The third part is the summary of civil liability of food certification. Firstly, it finds out the theoretical basis of civil liability of food certification, analyzes the principle of civil liability of food certification, and the constitutive elements. The fourth part explores the liability form of food certification damage liability. This paper mainly analyzes the joint and several liability stipulated in the judicial interpretation, and also discusses the forms of the joint and several liability and the individual liability under the special circumstances when the food certification organization is not true joint and several liability and supplementary liability. The fifth part studies the relief of food certification liability, analyzes the four possible scenarios, considering the third-party status of food certification bodies and the reality of the situation. The liability of food certification bodies for damages should be limited to promote the development of the industry and ensure the realization of the principle of equity. The sixth part explores the possibility and the way to realize the civil liability of food certification, by learning from the related ideas of the large-scale tort compensation fund system and the liability insurance system of the law firm, To promote the certainty and diversification of the civil liability of food certification bodies.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16;D923
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