深圳市南山区卫生监督所执法模式改进研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 16:11

【摘要】：二十世纪末,随着我国的发展进步,建国以来一直沿用的苏联模式下卫生防疫体制全面改革,国内原有的卫生防疫机构普遍划分为独立的疾病预防控制机构、卫生监督执法机构、慢性病防治机构等,其中卫生监督执法机构以预防为主的原则,负责执行国家有关法律法规,对相关单位实施监督执法,是保障人民群众生命健康安全的重要部门,2000年以来,全国各地的卫生监督机构如雨后春笋般相继成立,且基本施行以专业划分为基础的卫生监督专业执法模式,即建立在五大卫生(流行病、职业卫生、食品卫生、环境卫生、学校卫生)基础上的分专业执法模式。然而由于种种原因,卫生监督改革发展至今仍然存在一些客观问题,其中人力资源配给不足为制约卫生监督事业发展的首要问题。特别是基层卫生监督机构,作为直接关系群众生命健康的卫生监督末梢神经,由于人力资源不足的原因,导致卫生监督覆盖不全面,辖区卫生安全隐患清理不彻底等问题日益凸显,在难以解决客观问题的情况下,探索新的有利于基层卫生监督机构提高监督执法效能的执法模式势在必行。深圳市南山区卫生监督所是基层卫生监督机构的典型代表,本文以该所为例,运用对比分析等方法,在对比卫生监督专业执法和综合执法模式的基础上,分析南山区卫生监督所执法工作中存在的问题,并以该所执法模式改进的实践为依据,分析执法模式改进的成效和弊端。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 20th century, with the development and progress of our country and the overall reform of the health and epidemic prevention system under the Soviet model that has been in use since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the existing health and epidemic prevention institutions in China are generally divided into independent disease prevention and control agencies. Health supervision and law enforcement agencies, institutions for the prevention and control of chronic diseases, among which the health supervision law enforcement agencies are responsible for enforcing the relevant laws and regulations of the state and supervising and enforcing the law enforcement of relevant units, in the principle of giving priority to prevention. It is an important department to guarantee the life, health and safety of the people. Since 2000, health supervision agencies have been set up all over the country one after another, and have basically implemented the specialized law enforcement model of health supervision based on the division of specialties. That is based on the five major health (epidemic, occupational health, food hygiene, environmental hygiene, school hygiene) based on the sub-professional law enforcement model. However, due to various reasons, there are still some objective problems in the reform of health supervision, among which insufficient allocation of human resources is the primary problem restricting the development of health supervision. In particular, the primary health supervision organization, as a health supervision peripheral nerve that has a direct bearing on the life and health of the masses, is not fully covered by health supervision because of the shortage of human resources. The problems of cleaning up the hidden dangers of health safety are becoming increasingly prominent, so it is imperative to explore a new law enforcement model that is conducive to improving the effectiveness of supervision and law enforcement by the primary health supervision agencies under the circumstances that it is difficult to solve the objective problems. The health supervision institute in Nanshan District of Shenzhen is a typical representative of the primary health supervision organization. This paper takes this institute as an example, applies comparative analysis and other methods, on the basis of contrasting the health supervision professional law enforcement and the comprehensive law enforcement model. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the law enforcement work of the Sanitary Supervision Institute in Nanshan District, and analyzes the effectiveness and malpractice of the improvement of the law enforcement mode on the basis of the practice of the improvement of the law enforcement mode of the Institute.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D922.16

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