境外非政府组织项目活动法律规制研究

发布时间：2019-01-04 15:31

【摘要】：由于非政府组织具有广泛性和多元性的特点,其呈现在世人面前是一幅非常复杂的面孔。这其中既有积极投身于环保、卫生、教育、扶贫等社会公共领域的慈善机构,同时也有假借非政府的身份开展意识形态渗透和情报搜集等工作,引导其援助流向危害国家安全和社会稳定的非法领域的政治组织。基于国际非政府组织的两面性,如何尽可能发挥国际非政府组织的积极作用,减少其消极影响是目前各国对国际非政府组织管理的共同目标。为规范境外非政府组织在中国境内的活动,保障其合法权益,促进交流与合作,2015年4月第十二届全国人大常委会第十四次会议审议了国务院提交的《境外非政府组织管理法草案》,此后该草案二次审议稿向社会公开征求意见。可见,对境外非政府组织依法管理的框架设计业已成为我国当前最重要的社会管理目标之一。据不完全统计,目前在我国长期活动的境外非政府组织有1000个左右,加上开展短期合作项目的组织数量,总数可能已达7000个左右。每年通过境外非政府组织流入我国的活动资金可达数亿美元,其活动范围涉及扶贫、助残、环保、卫生、教育等20多个领域。综观我国现行法律法规,我国目前既没有对境外非政府组织在华活动的管理规定,也没有关于管理境外非政府组织提供援助、开展项目活动的相关条文。立法上的空白使我国缺乏正式具体并能广泛适用的法律法规来规范境外非政府组织项目活动的管理,现今一些基金会、外国商会向我国提供捐助并开展相关项目、活动,对此我国目前无法对这些外国组织提供的援助进行有效地控制、监督,想要对其管理更是无法可依。纵观世界其他国家,越南、印度、俄罗斯都已制定具体的法律法规,建立了相应的管理模式来规范国际非政府组织的活动。因此,我国应借鉴他国有益经验,结合我国实际情况,建立适合我国的境外非政府组织项目活动管理法律制度。
[Abstract]:Because of its extensive and pluralistic character, NGO presents a very complicated face in front of the world. These include active participation in charitable organizations in the social and public fields such as environmental protection, health, education and poverty alleviation, and at the same time they also engage in ideological infiltration and intelligence gathering under the guise of non-governmental status. To direct its aid to political organizations in illegal fields that endanger national security and social stability. Based on the dual character of international non-governmental organizations, how to play an active role of international non-governmental organizations as much as possible and reduce their negative impact is the common goal of the management of international non-governmental organizations. In order to regulate the activities of foreign non-governmental organizations in China, to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and to promote exchanges and cooperation, At the 14th meeting of the Twelfth National people's Congress standing Committee in April 2015, the draft Law on the Management of Foreign Non-Governmental organizations submitted by the State Council was examined and the second draft was reviewed for public comment. It can be seen that the framework design of foreign NGOs' legal management has become one of the most important social management goals. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 1000 foreign non-governmental organizations operating in China for a long time, and the number of organizations carrying out short-term cooperation projects may have reached 7,000 or so. Every year, hundreds of millions of dollars of funds flow into our country through overseas non-governmental organizations. Its activities cover more than 20 fields, such as poverty alleviation, aiding the disabled, environmental protection, health care, education and so on. Looking at the current laws and regulations of our country, there are neither regulations on the management of the activities of foreign non-governmental organizations in China, nor relevant provisions on the management of overseas non-governmental organizations to provide assistance and carry out project activities. The gap in legislation makes our country lack of formal, concrete and widely applicable laws and regulations to regulate the management of project activities of overseas non-governmental organizations. Nowadays, some foundations and foreign chambers of commerce provide donations to our country and carry out related projects and activities. At present, our country can not effectively control and supervise the aid provided by these foreign organizations. Throughout the world, Vietnam, India, and Russia have enacted specific laws and regulations and established regulatory models to regulate the activities of international NGOs. Therefore, our country should draw lessons from the beneficial experience of other countries, combine with the actual situation of our country, establish the legal system of project management of the overseas non-governmental organization suitable for our country.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.182

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