医患纠纷视角下精神病人权利保护的法律研究

发布时间：2019-01-09 17:16

【摘要】：当今社会,精神疾病与身体疾病作为一种较为常见的疾病影响人类的身心健康,然而相比较外在的身体病痛,精神疾病作为一种内在疾病更是复杂多变让人难以琢磨。但是,伴随着我国社会经济的整体快速发展,民主法治进程的完善,对精神病人权利的保护已成为衡量一个社会文明程度的重要因素之一。改革开放以来,伴随着社会节奏发展而来的是人们生活压力的逐年增加,而生活压力的不断变化又导致现实生活中有越来越多的人饱受精神病痛的折磨,但由于当今社会关于精神卫生医疗服务水平的局限性,导致当今社会中,因精神卫生领域内产生的纠纷越来越多。根据精神卫生部门以及精神疾病防控中心出具的统计资料,我国社会中,精神方面存在障碍人群的数量与我国当今社会经济的发展基本成正增长趋势,现实中精神疾病患者侵害他人合法权益以及合法权益被他人侵害的纠纷案件也越来越普遍,精神卫生领域内的侵权纠纷形式已被越来越多的人所关注,与之而来的因精神病人产生的纠纷也明显增多,主要体现在：1、因精神障碍导致的自身伤亡以及财产损害的情况呈直线上涨的趋势。2、因行为能力的缺失导致的侵害他人合法权益的情形也屡出不穷。最近发生的江苏省南京市的“6：20”宝马肇事案就是一个很明显的案例,[网易新闻,官方回应宝马肇事案：现实中患有短暂性的精神疾病的人较为常见]。然而,由于精神病人无法像常人一样正确的表达意志,也无法向常人一样正确的行使以及维护自身的合法权益,再加之当今社会精神卫生领域立法的滞后以及社会权利救济以及服务配套体系的不完善,致使该群体的合法权益在受到侵害时得不到切实有效的救济和保证保障,尤其是在医疗救济的过程中,由于权利以及救济体系配套设施的不完善,致使在院治疗的精神病患者的权利时常受到精神病院以及在院治疗的其他患者的侵害,又因精神病患者或者是患者的监护人法律意识淡薄,造成患者在权利受到侵害时很难得到有效的救济,这就造成该领域的纠纷日益尖锐。本文的作者正是从在院治疗的精神病人权利救济等角度为视角,以构建一整套健全的法律救济体系为目的,详细的研究当今社会医患纠纷视角下精神病人权利保护的立法现状,通过对国内外精神卫生领域内患者权益救济的途径以及办法,并结合自己处理该领域的实践经验提出自己对该领域的建议以及展望。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, as a common disease, mental illness and body disease affect human's physical and mental health. However, compared with external physical pain, mental disease is more complex and changeable as an internal disease. However, with the rapid development of social economy and the perfection of democracy and rule of law, the protection of the rights of mental patients has become one of the important factors to measure the degree of social civilization. Since the reform and opening up, along with the development of social rhythm is the increasing pressure of people's lives, and the constant changes of life pressure has led to more and more people in real life suffering from psychotic pain. However, due to the limitation of mental health service, there are more and more disputes in the field of mental health. According to the statistics issued by the Mental Health Department and the Center for the Prevention and Control of Mental illness, the number of people with mental disorders in China's society and the development of our country's current social economy basically show a positive growth trend. In reality, it is more and more common that the patients with mental illness infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of others and their legitimate rights and interests are infringed upon by others, and the forms of infringement disputes in the field of mental health have been paid more and more attention by more and more people. There has also been a marked increase in the number of disputes arising from mental patients, mainly as follows: 1. The number of casualties and property damage caused by mental disorders is on the rise in a straight line. As a result of the lack of capacity to infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of others also repeatedly. The recent "6:20" BMW accident in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, is an obvious case. [NetEase News, official response to the BMW accident: people with transient mental illness are more common in reality]. However, because mental patients can not express their will as correctly as normal people, nor can they exercise and defend their legitimate rights and interests as correctly as ordinary people, In addition, the lag of legislation in the field of social mental health and the imperfection of social rights relief and service supporting system make the legitimate rights and interests of this group can not be effectively relief and guarantee when infringed. Especially in the process of medical relief, due to the imperfection of the right and the supporting facilities of the relief system, the rights of the mental patients treated in the hospital are often violated by the mental hospital and other patients treated in the hospital. Because of the weak legal consciousness of mental patients or guardians of patients, it is difficult for patients to obtain effective relief when their rights are infringed, which leads to increasingly sharp disputes in this field. From the point of view of the right relief of mental patients treated in hospital, the author of this paper studies in detail the current legislative situation of the protection of the rights of mental patients under the perspective of doctor-patient disputes in today's society, in order to construct a complete set of sound legal relief system. Through the ways and methods of relief of patients' rights and interests in the field of mental health at home and abroad, and combined with their own practical experience in this field, this paper puts forward their own suggestions and prospects in this field.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.16

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