慈善法的公共价值倡导及其实现路径

发布时间：2019-01-11 13:26

【摘要】：2016年第十二届全国人大第四次会议通过的《中华人民共和国慈善法》作为社会领域的一部基本法律,打破了将慈善限于道德范畴的传统认知藩篱,衔接了中国传统与当代对慈善的价值理解,成为立足公共利益推动社会资源良性分配和塑造当代法治精神的历史性标志。本文认为,《慈善法》的十年立法历程反映了全球化时代中国人对公共利益分层化、分域化实现的逐步承认,以及对全能主义政府的反思。其意义不只在于为慈善活动提供了基本行为指引,更在于提供了将传统与现代连接起来的公共价值实现路径。基于此,《慈善法》为公共价值的实现提供了更为多样化的组织载体选择,并以行为判断而非动机判断作为促进慈善活动常态化的制度安排逻辑,从长远看有利于铺设慈善的社会化路径。但是,由于制度供给不足与利益需求及其实现途径多元化要求旺盛之间的矛盾,《慈善法》公共价值的实现还需要克服时间距差和实践距差,并考量制度刚性与实操弹性之间的公共价值冲突治理动态区间。
[Abstract]:The charity law of the people's Republic of China, adopted at the fourth session of the Twelfth National people's Congress in 2016, as a basic law in the social field, has broken down the traditional cognitive barrier of limiting philanthropy to the realm of morality. It links the Chinese tradition with the contemporary understanding of the value of charity and becomes a historic symbol of promoting the benign allocation of social resources based on public interests and shaping the spirit of the contemporary rule of law. This paper holds that the 10-year legislative course of Charity Law reflects the gradual recognition of the stratification of public interest and the realization of regionalization in the era of globalization, as well as the reflection on the omnipotism government. Its significance lies not only in providing the basic behavioral guidance for charity activities, but also in providing a path to realize public value by connecting tradition and modernity. Based on this, Charity Law provides a more diversified choice of organization carrier for the realization of public value, and takes behavioral judgment rather than motive judgment as the logic of institutional arrangement to promote the normalization of charitable activities. In the long run, it is beneficial to lay the social path of charity. However, due to the contradiction between the shortage of institutional supply and the demand of interest and diversification of the ways to realize it, it is necessary to overcome the gap between time and practice in order to realize the public value of Charity Law. The dynamic interval of the conflict of public value between institutional rigidity and practical flexibility is also considered.
【作者单位】：国家行政学院政治学教研部;
【分类号】：D922.182.3

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