论行政给付的受益人资格
发布时间：2019-05-30 06:46
【摘要】：在行政给付中，行政机关根据一定的标准行使调查权，根据具体情况进行裁量，相对人被贴上“合格”或“不合格”的标签，没有获得“合格证”的相对人，便不能获得行政给付。因此，行政给付的受益人资格对于受益人来说，，意义重大。 行政给付的受益人资格，主要有三个比较重要的问题：其一，是该资格的具体样态，即实践中有哪些类型的资格标准，以及这些标准是否存在问题；其二，是如何确定相对人符合既定的资格和标准，以及此种确定之方式是否合法、合理及适当；最后，是行政机关在确定此种资格之后的裁量权问题，即面对符合某些标准的相对人的事实条件时进行裁量选择的问题。 对于第一个问题，笔者发现，我国现行的标准，主要的形式是经过层层授权的行政法规、行政规章（包括部门规章和地方政府规章）和行政规范性文件。其中所包含的标准主要有三类，即户籍与工作所在地标准、财产收入与低收入原因标准，以及遵守诚实信用原则标准。这些标准具有具体化、细化、更加灵活和更具有可操作性的优势，但是同时也可能存在违反上位法或是行政法基本原则的可能。对于第二个问题，笔者认为，行政给付具有授益性，这决定了行政调查是其中必不可少的过程，但是纵观各国的历史和现实中的立法例，在进行调查时，往往会损害受益人的某些利益，如人格尊严、隐私权等。因此，需要寻找一种合适的判断标准。笔者通过比对法益衡量、价值位阶理论和比例原则，认为比例原则是较好的标准，可以通过对比例原则的使用，在行政给付中发起调查行为时，在行政调查的目的、调查可能侵犯的法益和所要保护的利益之间找到平衡。最后，笔者简要叙述了行政给付中行政裁量权对于相对人的重要性，并根据既有的理论，列举了我国对行政给付中裁量权的控制方式，并提出了从内部和外部完善行政给付领域制度、控制行政裁量权的相关建议。 与此相对应，本文从给付中受益人资格的设定标准、受益人资格调查以及裁量三部分进行论述。第一部分，论及受益人资格的一般标准，尝试通过对大量相关规定的梳理发现我国受益人资格标准的主要类型，并进而论述这些标准的优点与不足；第二部分从福利资格中的行政调查、受益人资格的调查主体及程序、给付资格调查中的权利保障四个方面讨论行政给付中的调查权，第三部分系关于行政给付中的行政裁量权，及其未来可资借鉴的控权方式。
[Abstract]:In the course of administrative payment, the administrative organ exercises the power of investigation in accordance with certain standards and makes discretion according to the specific circumstances. The relative person is affixed with the label of "qualified" or "unqualified", and the relative person who has not obtained the "qualification certificate". You can't get an administrative payment. Therefore, the beneficiary qualification of administrative payment is of great significance to the beneficiary. There are three important problems in the qualification of the beneficiary of administrative payment: first, the specific pattern of the qualification, that is, what types of qualification standards exist in practice, and whether there are problems with these standards; Second, how to determine whether the relative person meets the established qualifications and standards, and whether the method of such determination is legal, reasonable and appropriate; Finally, it is the discretion of the administrative organ after the determination of this qualification, that is, the discretion selection in the face of the factual conditions of the counterpart who meet some criteria. For the first problem, the author finds that the main forms of the current standards in our country are administrative regulations, administrative rules (including departmental rules and local government regulations) and administrative normative documents. There are three main standards, namely, the standard of household registration and place of work, the standard of property income and low income, and the standard of abiding by the principle of good faith. These standards have the advantages of concrete, detailed, more flexible and more operable, but at the same time, there may also be the possibility of violating the basic principles of upper law or administrative law. With regard to the second question, the author believes that administrative payment is beneficial, which determines that administrative investigation is an indispensable process, but throughout the history and reality of various countries, when conducting the investigation, It often damages some interests of beneficiaries, such as human dignity, privacy and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to find a suitable criterion. Through the comparison of legal interests, the theory of value rank and the principle of proportion, the author holds that the principle of proportion is a better standard, which can be used to initiate the investigation behavior in the administrative payment, and the purpose of the administrative investigation. Find a balance between the legal interests that may be infringed and the interests to be protected. Finally, the author briefly describes the importance of administrative discretion in administrative payment to the relative person, and according to the existing theory, enumerates the control mode of discretion in administrative payment in our country. Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the administrative payment domain system and control the administrative discretion from the inside and outside. Accordingly, this paper discusses the establishment standard of beneficiary qualification, beneficiary qualification investigation and discretion in payment. The first part discusses the general standards of beneficiary qualification, tries to find out the main types of beneficiary qualification standards in our country by combing a large number of relevant provisions, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these standards. The second part discusses the investigation power in administrative payment from four aspects: the administrative investigation in welfare qualification, the main body and procedure of beneficiary qualification investigation, and the protection of rights in the investigation of payment qualification. The third part is about the administrative discretion in administrative payment. And its future can be used for reference in the way of power control.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1
本文编号：2488614
[Abstract]:In the course of administrative payment, the administrative organ exercises the power of investigation in accordance with certain standards and makes discretion according to the specific circumstances. The relative person is affixed with the label of "qualified" or "unqualified", and the relative person who has not obtained the "qualification certificate". You can't get an administrative payment. Therefore, the beneficiary qualification of administrative payment is of great significance to the beneficiary. There are three important problems in the qualification of the beneficiary of administrative payment: first, the specific pattern of the qualification, that is, what types of qualification standards exist in practice, and whether there are problems with these standards; Second, how to determine whether the relative person meets the established qualifications and standards, and whether the method of such determination is legal, reasonable and appropriate; Finally, it is the discretion of the administrative organ after the determination of this qualification, that is, the discretion selection in the face of the factual conditions of the counterpart who meet some criteria. For the first problem, the author finds that the main forms of the current standards in our country are administrative regulations, administrative rules (including departmental rules and local government regulations) and administrative normative documents. There are three main standards, namely, the standard of household registration and place of work, the standard of property income and low income, and the standard of abiding by the principle of good faith. These standards have the advantages of concrete, detailed, more flexible and more operable, but at the same time, there may also be the possibility of violating the basic principles of upper law or administrative law. With regard to the second question, the author believes that administrative payment is beneficial, which determines that administrative investigation is an indispensable process, but throughout the history and reality of various countries, when conducting the investigation, It often damages some interests of beneficiaries, such as human dignity, privacy and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to find a suitable criterion. Through the comparison of legal interests, the theory of value rank and the principle of proportion, the author holds that the principle of proportion is a better standard, which can be used to initiate the investigation behavior in the administrative payment, and the purpose of the administrative investigation. Find a balance between the legal interests that may be infringed and the interests to be protected. Finally, the author briefly describes the importance of administrative discretion in administrative payment to the relative person, and according to the existing theory, enumerates the control mode of discretion in administrative payment in our country. Some suggestions are put forward to perfect the administrative payment domain system and control the administrative discretion from the inside and outside. Accordingly, this paper discusses the establishment standard of beneficiary qualification, beneficiary qualification investigation and discretion in payment. The first part discusses the general standards of beneficiary qualification, tries to find out the main types of beneficiary qualification standards in our country by combing a large number of relevant provisions, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these standards. The second part discusses the investigation power in administrative payment from four aspects: the administrative investigation in welfare qualification, the main body and procedure of beneficiary qualification investigation, and the protection of rights in the investigation of payment qualification. The third part is about the administrative discretion in administrative payment. And its future can be used for reference in the way of power control.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1
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