对知识产权行政授权行为性质的再探讨

发布时间：2019-08-02 16:37

【摘要】：关于知识产权行政授权的性质,学界目前主要有三种学说:行政许可、行政确认、准司法行政行为。这一论题涉及行政法学与知识产权法学两方面的知识。考察行政法学知识,准司法行政行为以存在纠纷为前提,与知识产权授权行为明显不相符合;行政许可与行政确认的主要区分在于前者赋予申请人新的权利,而后者仅为对既有权利的确认,因而论题之核心在于知识产权授权本身是否产生新的权利。实证考察专利与商标制度,专利权之授予和商标注册,事实上都使申请人获得了新的权利:禁止权,即专利权人禁止(或许可)他人实施其专利的权利,商标权人禁止(或许可)他人在相同或类似商品上使用与其注册商标相同或近似商标的权利。因而,知识产权授权行为在性质上更接近于行政许可。
[Abstract]:As for the nature of administrative authorization of intellectual property rights, there are three main theories in academic circles: administrative license, administrative confirmation and quasi-judicial administrative act. This topic involves the knowledge of administrative law and intellectual property law. To investigate the knowledge of administrative law, the quasi-judicial administrative act is based on the existence of disputes, which is obviously inconsistent with the behavior of intellectual property authorization. The main difference between administrative license and administrative confirmation lies in the fact that the former gives the applicant new rights, while the latter is only the confirmation of the existing rights, so the core of the topic lies in whether the intellectual property authorization itself produces new rights. By empirically examining the patent and trademark system, the grant of patent right and trademark registration, the applicant has in fact obtained new rights: the right of prohibition, that is, the right of patentee to prohibit (or license) the right of others to execute their patent, and the right of trademark holder to prohibit (or license) the right of others to use the same or similar trademark on the same or similar goods. Therefore, the nature of intellectual property authorization is closer to administrative license.
【作者单位】：重庆理工大学重庆知识产权学院;西南政法大学;
【基金】：2013年度重庆市社会科学规划项目“媒介融合视域下的信息权、传播权与著作权的冲突与协调机制研究”(2013PYFX18)
【分类号】：D922.1;D923.4

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