论知识产权法与反不正当竞争法的关系

发布时间：2017-12-28 10:55

本文关键词：论知识产权法与反不正当竞争法的关系　出处：《苏州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现代知识产权起源于十五世纪欧洲封建统治者授予的特权，获得这种特权的人可以在相关商品的市场上处于垄断地位，自由竞争被人为扼制。随着封建特权及垄断逐渐被废除，知识产权也逐渐地从特权向私权演化，但是现代知识产权作为调节市场竞争关系的政策的功能没有变，其根本目的在于促进公共利益的实现，本质上仍然是一种特权。在权利界线以内，他人未经许可使用既是侵权也是不正当竞争。界线外是公众的自由，当然公众的自由也是有限度的，这个限度就在于不得影响他人的消极自由。一般情况下，市场竞争下的模仿行为是被允许的，但保护知识产权的核心在于禁止模仿，，二者在模仿问题上形成了冲突，对知识产权的保护，关键也在于解决这一问题。要将市场竞争下的模仿行为和知识产权领域的模仿行为区别开，关键是把握好模仿行为的度。这个度的本质在于这种模仿是否构成了不正当竞争，是否有违利益平衡原则。知识产权侵权行为本质上也是一种不正当竞争，只是法律授予专利权人、商标所有权人和著作权人以专有权，使权利人拥有了制止侵权行为的法律武器。但是因为无形财产的抽象性，其本身界限的不确定性，国家不可能、也不愿意对所有的无形财产给予相关主体以某种专有权或者以专门的法律进行规制。基于反不正当竞争也具备阻止模仿的功能，人们就把寻求保护的目光转向于此以扩张知识产权的保护。反不正当竞争法的原则性条款并不表明它是对知识产权的补充保护，而仅仅是对反不正当竞争禁止模仿行为的本质的描述。知识产权制度为利害关系人提供保护，是为了鼓励对知识创造的投资，而鼓励到何种程度则受制于公共利益。知识产权的目标从来就不在于为知识财产主体提供一种完全性的保护，这有违它的公共政策目标，反不正当竞争法也只是扩充了相关知识产权的保护，这个扩张的程度要符合公共政策的目标。
[Abstract]:To the modern intellectual property rights originated in Europe in fifteenth Century the feudal rulers of privilege, the privilege of people can obtain a monopoly in the relevant commodity market, free competition by artificial control. With the feudal privilege and monopoly was abolished gradually, intellectual property rights also gradually from privilege to private rights evolution, but the modern intellectual property rights as the regulation of market competition between the function of policy has not changed, its fundamental purpose is to promote the realization of public interest, the essence is still a privilege. Within the boundary of the right, the unauthorized use of others is both a tort and an unfair competition. Outside the line is the freedom of the public, of course, the freedom of the public is also limited, and this limit is not to affect the negative freedom of others. Generally speaking, imitation behavior under market competition is allowed, but the core of protecting intellectual property is to prohibit imitation. The two parties form conflict on imitation. The key to protect intellectual property is to solve this problem. In order to distinguish the imitation behavior from the market competition and the imitative behavior in the field of intellectual property, the key is to grasp the degree of the imitation behavior. The essence of this degree is whether this imitation constitutes an unfair competition, or whether it violates the principle of balance of interests. The infringement of intellectual property is also a kind of unfair competition. Only the law grants the patentor, the trademark owner and the copyright owner the exclusive right, so that the obligee has the legal weapon to stop the infringement. However, because of the uncertainty of the intangible property and its own boundaries, the state can not and will not give all the intangible property to the related subjects with some exclusive rights or special laws. Because anti unfair competition also has the function of preventing imitation, people turn to the protection of intellectual property. The principle clause of anti unfair competition law does not indicate that it is a supplementary protection for intellectual property, but a description of the essence of the prohibition of imitation behavior against unfair competition. The intellectual property system provides protection to stakeholders to encourage investment in knowledge creation, and to the extent to which it is encouraged by the public interest. The goal of intellectual property protection is never a complete intellectual property as the subject, this is contrary to public policy goals, anti unfair competition law is the expansion of intellectual property protection, the extent of the expansion to meet the goal of public policy.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.4;D922.294

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