时差法超声波流量计产业化的关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 20:51

本文关键词： 超声波测量时差法标定信号产品　出处：《重庆理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：超声波流量测量技术是目前流量测量领域的一个重要分支，它的应用十分广泛，不仅涉及能源、化工、冶金等大型工业领域，还在环保、水处理等公共设施，甚至在民用仪表当中也能看到它的身影。人类利用超声波技术进行流量的测量最早可以追溯到三十多年以前，但受到当时基础研究水平和电子电路技术的限制，无法走向产业化的道路。随着科学技术的不断进步，测量原理的进一步完善，以及高性能集成电路的产生，利用超声波对流体流量的精确测量变为可能，现市场上已经形成了超声波热量表、超声波流量计、超声波水表等一系列的超声波流量测量仪表产品，并且在测量效果上得到了业界的肯定。在我国，超声波测量技术的应用起步较晚，为了紧跟市场发展的潮流，目前进行超声波流量测量研究的企事业单位很多，但在技术水平以及产业化方面与国外知名企业存在明显差距，需要我们刻苦专研，奋起直追。为了尽快赶上国外先进水平，填补公司超声测量产品的空白，提升公司整体竞争力，本次课题研究通过利用现有的技术资料，结合自身的研发水平，开发具有自主知识产权、以时差法测量原理为基础的超声波热量表和超声波流量计产品。前期通过市场调研以及相关技术资料的整理与学习，利用成熟样机进行了硬件电路和软件算法的验证，确定总体设计方案的可行性，然后进行了原理样机试制，并完成了标定实验，在此过程中，，总结了阻碍超声波热量表和液体超声波流量计产业化的技术难点，并针对这些难点进行了优化设计和工艺改进，例如利用阻抗分析仪和实验检测的手段解决超声波换能器配对问题，使用过零阀值检测原理解决超声波热量表信号采集和算法设计，针对温度变化引起的时间差变化的问题进行温度补偿，利用多声道布局和能量幅值算法解决超声流量计回波信号波动大、衰减严重的问题。同时为了满足产业化的目标，在产品的结构设计、硬件设计和软件编程上要充分考虑公司生产状况和技术特点，使产品最终能够达到高性能、高可靠性、低成本、规模化生产的产业化目标。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic flow measurement technology is an important branch of the current flow measurement field, its application is very extensive, not only involved in energy, chemical, metallurgical and other large-scale industrial fields, but also in environmental protection, water treatment and other public facilities. It can be seen even in civil instruments. The measurement of flow by ultrasonic technology can be traced back to more than 30 years, but limited by the level of basic research and electronic circuit technology at that time. With the development of science and technology, the further improvement of measurement principle and the production of high performance integrated circuit, it is possible to use ultrasonic wave to accurately measure the flow rate of fluid. Now the market has formed a series of ultrasonic heat meter, ultrasonic Flowmeter, ultrasonic water meter and a series of ultrasonic flow meter products, and in the measurement effect has been confirmed by the industry. In China. The application of ultrasonic measurement technology started late, in order to keep up with the trend of market development, there are many enterprises and institutions carrying out ultrasonic flow measurement research. But in the aspect of technology level and industrialization, there are obvious differences with foreign famous enterprises, so we need to study hard and catch up with each other. In order to catch up with the advanced level of foreign countries as soon as possible, fill in the blank of ultrasonic measurement products and enhance the overall competitiveness of the company, this topic through the use of existing technical data, combined with their own level of research and development. Develop ultrasonic calorimeter and ultrasonic Flowmeter with independent intellectual property rights and based on the principle of time-difference measurement. Early through market research and related technical data collation and study. A mature prototype is used to verify the hardware circuit and software algorithm to determine the feasibility of the overall design. Then the prototype is trial-produced and the calibration experiment is completed. The technical difficulties hindering the industrialization of ultrasonic calorimeter and liquid ultrasonic Flowmeter are summarized, and the optimization design and process improvement are carried out. For example, the problem of ultrasonic transducer pairing is solved by means of impedance analyzer and experimental detection, and the signal acquisition and algorithm design of ultrasonic heat meter is solved by the principle of zero-crossing threshold detection. In order to compensate the time difference caused by the temperature change, the multi-channel layout and the energy amplitude algorithm are used to solve the echo signal fluctuation of ultrasonic Flowmeter. At the same time, in order to meet the goal of industrialization, the structure design, hardware design and software programming of the product should fully consider the production situation and technical characteristics of the company, so that the product can achieve high performance. High reliability, low cost, scale production industrialization target.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TH814

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