核电站反应堆保护系统研究

发布时间：2018-02-02 22:10

本文关键词： 核电厂反应堆保护系统可靠性紧急停堆专设安全设施　出处：《华北电力大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：反应堆保护系统是核电站最重要系统之一，是反应堆稳定、可靠运行的有力保障。因此，核电厂反应堆保护系统对可靠性要求非常高。数字化的反应堆保护系统是产生与保护任务有关的必要信息，防止反应堆状态超过规定的安全限值或减轻超过安全限值所造成的损坏和损失后果的安全系统。当反应堆出现异常，但还不致马上危及反应堆安全时，为确保电站连续运行，反应堆保护系统发出报警信号或由闭锁系统提供校正措施，使反应堆恢复到正常运行状态；当运行保护参数超过了设计停堆整定值时，能快速紧急停堆；当出现超出停堆保护能力的事故时，能启动相应的专设安全设施，缩小事故范围和防止放射性污染；当电站运行达到某种状态时，允许手动或自动闭锁某些保护动作，防止系统误动作。核电厂数字化反应堆保护系统较传统基于模拟技术的反应堆保护系统具有很多优点，是核电厂反应堆保护系统发展的一个必然趋势。本文通过研究国内外反应堆保护系统技术发展的现状，调研了国内外反应堆保护系统相关技术；通过对国内外先进技术消化吸收，逐步研究出具有我国自主知识产权的中国品牌的数字化的反应堆保护技术。本文根据国内外相关的法规标准、系统功能要求、设备设计要求，同时综合考虑了与其他系统的接口，最终提出了以下设计方案：①进行设计基准分析，确定反应堆保护系统设计满足需要遵循的国际国内法规，，确保系统设计满足核安全相关要求；②根据反应堆堆工功能和安全性的需求，定义反应堆保护系统的各种性能（安全等级、系统结构、功能实现等）；③对系统进行可靠性分析，满足单一故障准则、冗余性和独立性、多样性、逻辑符合性准则、故障安全准则、可试验性和可维修性准则。④根据现行的数字化技术和项目的堆型需要，确定反应堆保护系统的结构和实现方式。
[Abstract]:Reactor protection system is one of the most important nuclear power plant systems, is a stable and reliable operation of the reactor can ensure. Nuclear power plant reactor protection system requires very high reliability. Digital reactor protection system is necessary to generate information related to the protection mission. A safety system that prevents reactor status from exceeding the prescribed safety limit or mitigates damage and loss consequences caused by exceeding the safety limit. When the reactor is abnormal but does not immediately endanger the safety of the reactor, in order to ensure the continuous operation of the power station, the reactor protection system sends out an alarm signal or provides correction measures by the latch system. Return the reactor to normal operation; When the operation protection parameter exceeds the setting value of the design shutdown, the emergency shutdown can be achieved quickly. When there is an accident beyond the protection capacity of the reactor shutdown, the corresponding special safety facilities can be activated to reduce the scope of the accident and prevent radioactive contamination; When the power station is in a certain state, some protection actions are allowed to be closed manually or automatically to prevent system maloperation. Compared with the traditional reactor protection system based on analog technology, the digital reactor protection system of nuclear power plant has many advantages. It is an inevitable trend in the development of nuclear power plant reactor protection system. This paper investigates the relevant technologies of reactor protection system at home and abroad by studying the current situation of the development of reactor protection system technology at home and abroad. Through digesting and absorbing advanced technologies at home and abroad, the digital reactor protection technology of Chinese brands with independent intellectual property rights in China has been developed step by step. At the same time, the design requirements of the equipment and the interface with other systems are considered synthetically. Finally, the following design scheme: 1 is put forward to carry out the design benchmark analysis to determine that the design of the reactor protection system meets the international and domestic laws and regulations that need to be followed. Ensure that the system design meets the requirements related to nuclear safety; (2) according to the requirements of reactor reactor function and safety, define the performance of reactor protection system (safety grade, system structure, function realization and so on); The reliability analysis of the system satisfies the single fault criterion, redundancy and independence, diversity, logic conformance criterion and fault safety criterion. Test and maintainability guidelines .4 determine the structure and implementation of the reactor protection system according to the current digital technology and the reactor type requirements of the project.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TL364

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