中国服务外包产业国际竞争力研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 18:15

本文关键词： 服务外包国际竞争力优劣势影响因素　出处：《西南财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代末,软件业外包首先在印度兴起,开创了国际服务外包的先河,之后服务外包这一新兴的服务业便在世界范围内发展壮大,并日益受到各国的关注。就近几年而言,全球服务外包市场保持着稳定的增长,离岸市场的规模不断扩大,并具有巨大的增长空间。从国际分工角度看,美国、欧盟、日本等发达国家仍然是主要的发包国,而印度、中国、俄罗斯、爱尔兰、巴西等新兴经济体是主要的接包国。现今,中国已经发展为全球第二大服务外包的承接国,仅次于印度,在服务外包这个新兴产业中扮演着承接大国的角色。本文以此为研究背景,对中国在承接服务外包产业的国际竞争力情况进行深入研究。本文的研究大致分为三个部分,在阐述研究背景和意义的基础上,对我国国际服务外包的产业国际竞争力进行横向和纵向分析,首先度量我国服务外包的产业国际竞争力发展水平,再分别针对服务外包的子行业ITO和BPO,对影响服务外包产业国际竞争力的主要因素进行中印比较分析,并阐明了中国在承接国际服务外包方面的优劣势。随后结合前文提出的主要因素,分别就ITO和BPO两个行业进行产业国际竞争力的影响因素实证分析,验证各个因素的影响程度,并分析原因。最后结合前文对中国的竞争优劣势分析以及实证分析的结果,针对我国服务外包存在竞争劣势的方面,提出一些利于行业发展的可行政策。通过三个部分的研究,本文具体得出以下三方面结论： (1)利用RCA、MS和TCI三个指标对我国服务外包产业国际竞争力进行度量,结果显示,中国在承接服务外包行业上确实具有竞争优势,但竞争力处于相对较弱的状态。中印比较得出,两国服务外包产业国际竞争力存在较大的差距,印度具有绝对的比较优势。 (2)通过中印承接服务外包影响因素的对比分析,可以总结得出我国服务外包产业在基础设施条件、人力成本和宏观经济环境方面有着竞争优势,在市场结构、知识产权保护、人才储备和利用外资方面相对处于竞争劣势。 (3)分别对TTO和BPO进行影响因素实证分析,结果显示：对于信息技术服务外包产业而言,其市场的集中度较低,利用外资的力度和深度需要加强,且知识产权保护的力度与产业国际竞争力呈现正相关。对于业务流程外包而言,市场开放程度与产业国际竞争力呈现正相关,而薪酬成本对于当前中国BPO产业国际竞争力的影响并不显著。此外,产业研发人员强度与基础设施水平对于整个服务外包行业都产生了正的影响,而行业发展水平却呈现负的影响,这可能是因为行业存在“门槛效应”。本文的创新之处在于： (1)本文在中印的优劣势比较中,首先提出了对服务外包产业国际竞争力的产生影响的宏观环境因素,随后分别探讨影响服务外包不同子行业ITO和BPO产业国际竞争力的主要因素,并进行比较分析和实证分析。这种将服务外包行业细分,分别进行影响因素分析及对比的方法可能为服务外包产业竞争力的研究提供了新思路。 (2)本文在实证研究部分采用了新的思路,对度量产业国际竞争力的三个指标RCA、MS和TCI分别进行影响因素回归,且在选择变量时,在传统的“钻石模型”的基础上纳入利用外资情况和市场开放程度两个新的变量进行分析,得出了与其他学者有所不同的结论,这也为服务外包行业国际竞争力的研究提供了一个全新的研究思路。
[Abstract]:At the end of 1990s, the software outsourcing industry first appeared in India, creating a precedent for international service outsourcing, service outsourcing after this emerging service industry in the world within the scope of development, and has attracted international attention. In recent years, the global service outsourcing market maintained a steady growth, expanding the size of the offshore market and, with tremendous growth space. From the perspective of the international division of labor, the United States, European Union, Japan and other developed countries are still the main contract in India, Chinese, Russia, Ireland, Brazil and other emerging economies are the main Outsourcee country. Nowadays, Chinese has developed to undertake the country, the world's second largest service outsourcing after India, play a role in this country to undertake service outsourcing in emerging industries. This paper is based on this background, the China in the international competitiveness of service outsourcing industry to undertake. Do a thorough study.
This paper is divided into three parts, based on expounding the background and significance of the research on the transverse and longitudinal analysis on industrial international competitiveness of China's international service outsourcing, the development level of the international competitiveness of the industry first measure of China's service outsourcing, and service outsourcing industry respectively for ITO and BPO, the main the factors affecting the international competitiveness of service outsourcing industry in India comparative analysis, and expounds the advantages and disadvantages of China in international service outsourcing aspects. Then combining with the main factors mentioned above, an empirical analysis of factors affecting the international competitiveness of the industry were ITO and BPO in two industries, the influence degree of various factors to verify, and analyze the reasons. According to the analysis on China competitive advantages and disadvantages analysis and empirical results, in view of China's service outsourcing has a competitive disadvantage, put forward some beneficial A feasible policy for the development of the industry.
Through the study of three parts, this article concretely draws the following three conclusions:
(1) the use of RCA, MS and TCI three indicators to measure, the international competitiveness of China's service outsourcing industry shows that China does have a competitive advantage in the service outsourcing industry, but the competitiveness in a relatively weak state. India comparison shows that there is a big gap between China and the international competitiveness of service outsourcing industry, India has a comparative absolute advantage.
(2) by India service outsourcing factors affecting the comparative analysis, can conclude that China's service outsourcing industry in infrastructure, has a competitive advantage of labor costs and macroeconomic environment, market structure, intellectual property protection, talent reserve and the use of foreign capital is relatively at a competitive disadvantage.
(3) TTO and BPO respectively to analyze influence factors, empirical results show that: for the information technology services outsourcing industry, the market concentration is low, the use of foreign capital strength and depth needs to be strengthened, and the enforcement of intellectual property rights and the international competitiveness of the industry showed a positive correlation. The business process outsourcing, positive the relevant market openness and international competitiveness of industry, and the influence of compensation cost for the current Chinese BPO industry's international competitiveness is not significant. In addition, the industrial R & D personnel strength and the level of infrastructure for the entire service outsourcing industry have a positive impact on the development level of the industry, and it has a negative effect, it may be because the industry "threshold effect".
The innovation of this article lies in:
(1) this paper compares the advantages and disadvantages in India, this paper proposes the macro environmental impact on the international competitiveness of service outsourcing industry factors, the main factors were to investigate the effects of service outsourcing in different sub sectors ITO and BPO industry's international competitiveness, and comparative analysis and empirical analysis. The service outsourcing industry segments. Which provides a new idea for research the competitiveness of service outsourcing industry in the method of factors analysis and comparison.
(2) this paper adopts a new idea in the part of empirical research, the three measurement of RCA index of industry's international competitiveness, MS and TCI respectively, the factors influencing the regression, and in the selection of variables, in the traditional "Diamond Model" on the basis of the use of foreign capital into the situation and the degree of market opening two new variables analysis and other scholars have obtained different conclusions, this research for the international competitiveness of service outsourcing industry provides a new research ideas.

【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F752.68

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