中美医药产品产业内贸易影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-02-24 04:27

本文关键词： 产业内贸易医药产品影响因素　出处：《上海社会科学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪中叶后,随着科技不断进步和国际分工的日益发展,世界贸易模式由传统的产业间贸易逐渐转变为产业间和产业内贸易并存的局面,并且产业内贸易占比逐渐变大。伴随着新的贸易模式的兴起,经济学家也开始不断完善和修正传统的产业贸易理论。美国既是贸易大国又是科技大国,2015年,中国作为世界上最大的发展中国家,首次成为美国最大的贸易伙伴,第三大出口市场以及第一大进口来源地。美国是全球医药巨头,2012年起,中国超越德国与日本成为仅次于美国的全球第二大医药市场。医药行业产业内贸易在中美产业内贸易中占据着十分重要的地位。研究中美医药行业的产业内贸易,对于中国深化对美医药产品贸易,优化对美医药产业贸易结构的意义十分深远。本文首先分析了中美医药行业的整体贸易现状,并运用GL指数法对中美医药行业的产业内贸易指数进行测算。测算结果反映了中美医药行业的产业内贸易总体水平较高,化学原料药与生物制药的产业内贸易水平略高,卫生材料的产业内贸易较低。并运用GHM指数测算了三类细分行业的产业内贸易类型,结论发现这三类行业的贸易类型都属于高水平垂直型产业内贸易。其次,对影响中美医药产品的产业内贸易的主要因素进行实证分析,本文在传统贸易理论和新贸易理论的综合框架下,利用2001年至2014年贸易数据做回归分析,结果显示,规模经济(ES)、市场结构(MS)、技术进步(TP)、产品差异(PD)、人均国民收入水平(DNI)与产业内贸易水平呈正相关,国际直接投资(FDI)与产业内贸易水平呈负相关。最后根据实证分析结果提出了针对性的建议,包括提升国内医药行业规模经济、加强人才队伍建设、提高国民收入水平、完善知识产权政策等合理化建议。
[Abstract]:Since the middle of 20th century, with the continuous progress of science and technology and the development of international division of labor, the mode of world trade has gradually changed from the traditional inter-industry trade to the coexistence of inter-industry and intra-industry trade. With the rise of new trade model, economists also began to improve and revise the traditional industrial trade theory. As the largest developing country in the world, China has for the first time become the largest trading partner of the United States, the third largest export market and the largest source of imports. China has surpassed Germany and Japan to become the second largest pharmaceutical market in the world after the United States. Intra-industry trade in the pharmaceutical industry plays a very important role in intra-industry trade between China and the United States. It is of great significance for China to deepen its trade in pharmaceutical products with the United States and to optimize the trade structure of the pharmaceutical industry with the United States. This paper first analyzes the overall trade situation of the pharmaceutical industry between China and the United States. The results show that the overall level of intra-industry trade between China and the United States is relatively high, and the level of intra-industry trade between chemical APIs and biopharmaceuticals is slightly higher. The intra-industry trade of sanitary materials is relatively low, and the intra-industry trade types of three kinds of subdivided industries are calculated by using GHM index. The conclusion is that the trade types of these three kinds of industries are all high level vertical intra-industry trade. Secondly, Based on the empirical analysis of the main factors affecting the intra-industry trade of Chinese and American pharmaceutical products, this paper makes a regression analysis using the trade data from 2001 to 2014 under the comprehensive framework of the traditional trade theory and the new trade theory. The results show that, Economies of scale, market structure, technological progress, product differences, and per capita national income (DNIs) are positively correlated with the level of intra-industry trade. International direct investment (FDI) is negatively correlated with the level of intra-industry trade. Finally, according to the results of empirical analysis, some suggestions are put forward, including enhancing the scale economy of domestic pharmaceutical industry, strengthening the construction of talent force, and raising the level of national income. To improve intellectual property policy and other rationalization proposals.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F752.7;F757.12;F416.72

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