基于信息租视角的区域集群知识创新研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 20:08

本文关键词： 产业集群专业市场信息租金知识创新　出处：《广西师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信息与知识作为研究集群组织的重要因素在马歇尔的研究中就已经被引起相当的重视。或许是由于同为非实物影响因素,很少有研究能够同时把两者所起到的作用有所区分,特别是信息效率与集群知识创新优势之间缺少专门的分析。鉴于微观经济分析中信息完全的假设和宏观经济分析中知识作为重要的发展因素,在中观的分析中这两个重要的假设或前提与现实情况的贴合程度值得怀疑。前人学者在集群组织的研究中对信息的研究主要是通过制度经济学框架下的分析,如Scott等人在科斯研究的基础上将制度经济学的相关理论应用在区域组织上,而威廉姆森则是进一步使用该理论研究中间性组织。从制度的本质而言,任何制度的构建其内涵都是在某种产权制度下信息的传递和处理,因此对制度的研究和对信息的研究具有同构性,但在中观的组织优势分析中信息比制度有更广的解释外延。通过从哲学角度对信息与知识内涵的探讨,重新梳理了在意识主体认知的过程中信息与知识之间的转化关系。而当有多个意识主体存在时,信息在他们之间的传递又衍生出组织性知识的创新,这个过程囊括了技术知识和社会关系知识。那么更进一步可知,知识创新则是创造新的关联以此提高信息的使用效率。组织内因信息与知识的产权不一致性,导致信息流的传输结构依附于市场结构。所以以信息作为中观分析的载体,对中观的集群组织竞争优势的分析中能够获得一些不一样的结论。结合信息与知识的区域性,作为产业链相关的专业市场的有序集合的集群,其信息在产业链各层次的专业市场中的分布与相关的专业市场在区域内的结构是信息处理效率的决定性因素。在集群外的产业链的各专业市场之间,在传递的过程中信息的“失真度”是产生负外部性的最直接原因：一方面,产业链相邻企业之间没有合作的激励；另一方面以价格为目标的竞争中,采取道德风险和逆向选择的成本远低于创新的成本。一旦技术发展的成熟度达到产业技术的瓶颈,负外部性行为的出现将极大的影响产业链的整体效益,更有甚者将产业代入死循环中。本文试图证明,如果在两个产业链上临近的专业市场中间存在一个主导企业,通过对纵向和横向关联企业的影响控制能够较好的实现信息的处理及传递,并提高集群整体的知识创新能力,避免走入恶性循环。而主导企业因通过掌控区域集群的信息流而获得了该区域的信息流租金,进而成为集群信息专用化处理企业的核心,并能够获得持续不断的知识创新优势。而集群内的其他产业相关企业则得益于集群整体信息处理的效率优于集群外企业,集群中企业同时也享有部分信息租金。换言之,信息租金的获取是集群优于相同产业非集群企业或组织的重要因素。最后通过丰田汽车产业集群的案例,分析丰田汽车如何将企业内制度向外拓展,及在这个过程中信息租金的形成与分配。
[Abstract]:Information and knowledge as an important factor of cluster in the research of Marshall has been attracted considerable attention. Perhaps due to the same factors as non physical effects, few studies can also put the two plays the role of distinction, especially the lack of specialized information analysis between efficiency and cluster knowledge innovation advantage. In view of the knowledge analysis hypothesis of complete information in the microeconomic analysis and macroeconomic development as an important factor, the fitting degree in the middle of the two important assumptions or premise and the realistic situation is questionable. The previous scholars in the study of the research on cluster organization of information is mainly through the analysis of institutional economics framework such as Scott, et al in the research on the basis of institutional economics, Coase theory applied in regional organizations, and Williamson is the further use of the Study on intermediate organization. From the essence of the system, the construction of any system is the connotation of the transmission and processing of information in a property rights system, so the research of the system and Research on the information has the same structure, but the information in the analysis of meso organizational advantages are explained in broader extension than the system through. Study on information and knowledge from the perspective of philosophy, re sort the conversion relationship between information and knowledge in the process of cognition in the consciousness of the subject. And when there are multiple subject consciousness, the information transfer between them is derived from the knowledge innovation organization, this process includes technical knowledge and social knowledge then further shows that knowledge innovation is the creation of new association in order to improve the efficiency in the use of information. The internal organization of information and knowledge property rights are not consistent, the transmission structure leads to the flow of information in accordance with the Attached to the market structure. So to information as a carrier medium analysis, get some different conclusions to the medium of the cluster organization competitive advantage. The regional combination of information and knowledge, as an ordered set of industrial chain related professional market clusters, the distribution of information at all levels of the industry chain professional in the market and the relevant professional market in the region of the structure is the decisive factor of the efficiency of information processing. Among the clusters outside the industry chain professional market, the information in the transmission process of the "distortion" is the most direct cause of negative externality: on the one hand, there is no cooperation incentive between adjacent enterprises industry chain; on the other hand the target price competition, take the moral hazard and adverse selection costs far less than the cost of innovation bottleneck. Once the technology development reaches the maturity of industrial technology, Negative externality behavior will greatly affect the overall efficiency of the industry chain, even into the dead cycle in industry. This paper tries to prove that if the middle of approaching in two on the industrial chain of professional market is a leading enterprise, through information processing and can achieve better control of the vertical and horizontal correlation transfer the impact of the enterprise, and improve the knowledge innovation ability of the whole cluster, and avoid into a vicious spiral. The leading enterprises for information flow through the control of regional cluster and the flow of information rent in the region, and then become a special cluster information processing enterprises, and can obtain continuous knowledge innovation and other related industries. Enterprise clusters benefited from efficiency is higher than outside the cluster cluster information processing, cluster enterprises also enjoy some information rent. In other words, the information rent The acquisition is an important factor for clusters to be better than the same industry non cluster enterprises or organizations. Finally, through the case of TOYOTA automobile industrial cluster, it analyzes how TOYOTA car expands the system inside the enterprise and the formation and distribution of information rent in the process.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F273.1;F272

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