华中21型内圆磨床专用数控系统开发

发布时间：2018-03-09 10:20

本文选题：内圆磨床　切入点：免对刀　出处：《湖北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国民经济的迅速发展,汽车、造船、工程机械、航空航天等领域将为我国数控机床行业提供广阔的市场需求,产品结构逐步转向中、高端化。因此国产标准型、专用型数控系统的重要性日益突出。然而目前,国内专用数控系统和相关功能部件的发展滞后,成为行业发展的拦路虎。专机数控系统相比车铣类通用数控系统,还有许多其它要求。比如：运行中进给速度连续变化、运动轨迹根据外部条件自适应改变、根据外部检测值改变G代码的执行路线、砂轮半径磨损的动态补偿、加工件数的统计、加工到若干工件数目后砂轮自动修整等方面,专机数控系统与普通数控系统都有着显著差别。为此研发出专机内圆磨数控系统,对于实现普通内圆磨数控系统改造,提高国产中高档数控系统的性能,开发出具有自主知识产权的中高档数控系统,具有非常重要的意义。为此以华中21型数控硬件系统为平台,希望设计出一套专用内圆磨床数控系统,其中包括人机界面参数表格的优化设计、砂轮原点坐标和工件原点坐标综合性研究、刀具运动轨迹(空走路径和磨削路径)的优化处理、砂轮修整的自动补偿等方面,简化磨床的编程与操作,提高加工精度和加工效率,以求实现专用内圆磨床数控系统的体系优化。本文主要工作如下： 1、在机床坐标系的基础上,采用工件和砂轮双坐标系,建立内圆磨削结构模型。该结构模型满足了内圆磨系统对工件加工和对砂轮修整需求。 2、基于内圆磨削结构模型,优化内圆磨数控系统人机界面中的有关参数,对参数表格进行设计,提出双免对刀方案,从而解决了更换砂轮重新对刀的问题。 3、以砂轮修整模型为基础,对磨削循环加工动作和砂轮修整动作进行研究,提出内圆磨数控系统砂轮修整的自动补偿方案。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the national economy, the fields of automobile, shipbuilding, construction machinery, aerospace and so on will provide broad market demand for the CNC machine tool industry in China. The importance of special NC system is becoming more and more important. However, at present, the development of domestic special NC system and related functional parts is lagging behind, which has become an obstacle to the development of the industry. There are many other requirements, such as continuous variation of feed speed during operation, adaptive change of motion trajectory according to external conditions, changing the execution route of G code according to external detection value, dynamic compensation of grinding wheel radius wear, There are significant differences between the NC system of special machine and the common NC system in the statistics of the number of machining pieces and the automatic dressing of grinding wheel after machining a number of workpieces. For this reason, the CNC system of inner circular grinding of special machine is developed. It is of great significance to realize the transformation of common internal circular mill NC system, improve the performance of domestic medium and high grade CNC system, and develop the middle and high grade NC system with independent intellectual property rights. Taking Huazhong 21 CNC hardware system as the platform, the author hopes to design a special CNC system for internal grinding machine, which includes the optimization design of man-machine interface parameter table, the comprehensive study of grinding wheel origin coordinate and workpiece origin coordinate. The optimization of tool path (air walking path and grinding path), the automatic compensation of grinding wheel dressing, etc., to simplify the programming and operation of grinding machine, to improve machining accuracy and efficiency, etc. In order to realize the optimization of CNC system of special internal grinding machine. The main work of this paper is as follows:. 1. On the basis of the coordinate system of machine tool, the structure model of internal circular grinding is established by adopting the double coordinate system of workpiece and grinding wheel, which meets the needs of machining workpiece and dressing grinding wheel in inner circular grinding system. 2. Based on the internal circular grinding structure model, the parameters in the man-machine interface of the CNC system are optimized, the parameter table is designed, and the double-free tool matching scheme is put forward, which solves the problem of replacing the grinding wheel and realigning the cutter. 3. On the basis of grinding wheel dressing model, the grinding cycle machining action and grinding wheel dressing action are studied, and the automatic compensation scheme of grinding wheel dressing in CNC system of inner circular grinding is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：湖北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TG596

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