基于建筑材料典型污染物散发率测试的建筑室内污染物预测方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:13

本文选题：室内空气质量　切入点：甲醛　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济建设的迅速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，，人们对室内环境安全越来越重视。世界卫生组织2011年9月颁布的《室内空气污染与健康》报告指出甲醛、苯、甲苯、TVOC等有毒有害气体是室内空气污染的主要来源，其中甲醛等多种气体对身体健康有直接危害。本论文以甲醛和TVOC作为研究对象，使用环境测试舱法在模拟环境下，对装修工程中常用的建材甲醛和TVOC的散发量及其散发规律进行研究。采用自行研发并具有多项自主知识产权的小型室内空气质量测试舱，测试了模拟建材的甲醛和TVOC散发率曲线。研究得出：涂料、胶黏剂等湿建材达到稳定散发阶段所需时间较短，污染物散发衰减速率较快，而地板、壁纸等干建材达到稳定散发阶段所需时间相对稍长，而橱柜板等封边处理的干建材达到稳定散发阶段所需时间最长。在此基础上，根据实际房间建材用量建立样板房内空气质量数值模型，模拟并计算了典型住宅样板房甲醛和TVOC的释放总量，并与现场实测值进行对比分析，结果表明模拟值和实测值基本吻合。该研究所建立的室内污染物释放模型较好地预测室内污染物分布，能有效指导室内装修中甲醛和TVOC空气质量设计，能为装饰材料的选择与装修工程验收结果预测提供科学支撑。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic construction and the continuous improvement of people's living standard, people pay more and more attention to indoor environmental safety. The report "indoor air pollution and health" issued by the World Health Organization in September 2011 pointed out that formaldehyde, benzene, Toxic and harmful gases such as toluene and TVOC are the main sources of indoor air pollution. In this paper, formaldehyde and TVOC are used as the research objects, and the environmental test chamber method is used in the simulation environment. This paper studies the quantity and regularity of formaldehyde and TVOC emission from building materials commonly used in decoration engineering. A small indoor air quality test module, which is developed by itself and has many independent intellectual property rights, is adopted. The formaldehyde and TVOC emission rate curves of simulated building materials were tested. The results showed that the time required for the stable emission of wet building materials such as coatings and adhesives was shorter, the emission attenuation rate of pollutants was faster, and the floor, It takes a relatively long time for dry building materials, such as wallpaper, to reach the stage of steady distribution, while the time for processing dry building materials such as cabinet boards to reach the stage of stable dissemination takes the longest. On this basis, According to the quantity of building materials used in the real room, the numerical model of air quality in the sample house is established, the total amount of formaldehyde and TVOC released from the typical residential sample house is simulated and calculated, and the results are compared with the field measured values. The results show that the simulated values are in good agreement with the measured values. The indoor pollutant release model established by the study can predict the distribution of indoor pollutants and can effectively guide the design of formaldehyde and TVOC air quality in indoor decoration. It can provide scientific support for selection of decoration materials and prediction of acceptance results of decoration projects.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X831

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