湖北省道地药材产业化发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 20:53

本文选题：湖北　切入点：道地药材　出处：《湖北中医药大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家“十二五”规划纲要指出,要加强中药资源的保护、研究开发和合理利用,推进中药质量认证和标准建设。基于规划刚要,湖北省出台的农业发展“十二五规划”,卫生事业“十二五”发展规划以及医药产业“十二五”规划均针对发展湖北省道地药材产业提出了具体的规划。湖北省有着源远流长的中医药文化,地理气候多样,中药材资源不仅种类多,并且分布广,有包括鄂东北低山丘陵区、鄂北岗地区、鄂西北山地区、鄂东南低山丘陵区、江汉平原区、鄂西南山地区六大优势产区。湖北省中药材产业已经进入规模更大、结构更优、机制更活、效益更高的发展阶段。道地药材产业化组织形式多样,形成了“龙头企业+农户”、“龙头企业+合作社+农户”、“龙头企业+基地+农户+订单”等产业化发展模式。在湖北省道地药材中,玄参、菊花、黄连、苍术通过了国家GAP认证,恩施紫油厚朴、利川黄连、咸丰白术、板桥党参、襄麦冬等19个品种获得了国家地理标志认证。罗田、恩施等地中药材的产业化经营格局已初步形成,为湖北省道地药材产业化发展起到了良好的示范和带头作用。然而,湖北省道地药材产业发展仍存在很多问题,如药材加工链短,加工技术原始,工业化程度低,导致道地药材附加值不高,经济效益差。多数生产种植者盲目追求经济效益,随意改变药材生长环境,使得道地药材种性退化,种类混杂,部分药材加工过程出现违规违章操作和掺假现象,种植、加工行业缺乏统一的操作和检验标准,导致药材质量低劣；各市州基地建设缓慢,影响道地药材产业化发展,GAP认证品种只有玄参、菊花、黄连、苍术四种,与其他省份比较来看,湖北省通过GAP认证的基地数和品种数还存在较大差距；重点龙头企业数量少,政府对龙头企业缺乏统一规划,整体实力偏低,经济拉动作用有限；基层政府、中药材企业以及大多数药农对道地药材的品牌意识薄弱,缺乏知识产权保护,导致中药材市场竞争力差,缺乏竞争优势；“一村一品”发展滞后等。产业化发展要求确立主导产业,实行区域布局,依靠龙头企业带动,发展规模经营。对此,笔者提出湖北省道地药材产业化发展策略：完善道地药材产业化经营机制；培育龙头企业,建立企业集群示范基地；发展各类产业化中介服务组织；加强道地药材产业化基地建设；提高道地药材质量安全水平；强化科技创新能力；开拓国内外市场；从而实现湖北省道地药材产业的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The National outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan states that it is necessary to strengthen the protection of traditional Chinese medicine resources, research, development and rational utilization, and promote the quality certification and standard construction of traditional Chinese medicines. The 12th Five-Year Plan for Agricultural Development in Hubei Province, the 12th Five-Year Plan for Health Services and the 12th Five-Year Plan for Pharmaceutical Industry have all put forward specific plans for the development of the authentic medicinal materials industry in Hubei Province. With a long history of traditional Chinese medicine culture, The geographical climate is diverse, the resources of traditional Chinese medicine are not only many, but also widely distributed, including the hilly region of northeast Hubei, the area of northern Hubei, the region of northwest Hubei, the hilly region of southeast Hubei, the plain of Jianghan, and the area of south mountain of western Hubei. The traditional Chinese medicine industry in Hubei Province has entered a stage of development with a larger scale, a better structure, a more dynamic mechanism, and a higher efficiency. There are various forms of industrialization organizations for authentic medicinal materials. It has formed the industrialization development pattern such as "leading enterprise farmer household", "leading enterprise cooperative farmer household", "leading enterprise base peasant household order" and so on. In Hubei Province, the traditional medicinal materials, such as Radix Hyacinopsis, Chrysanthemum, Coptis, Atractylodes Atractylodes, have passed the national GAP certification. Enshi Purple Oil Magnolia, Rhizoma Coptidis, Xianfeng Atractylodes, Banqiao Codonopsis, Xiang Ophiopogon, and other 19 varieties have obtained the National Geographic indication Authentication. The industrial management pattern of Chinese medicinal materials in Luotian and Enshi has been preliminarily formed. It has played a good role in demonstration and leading for the industrialization development of authentic medicinal materials in Hubei Province. However, there are still many problems in the development of native medicinal materials industry in Hubei Province, such as short processing chain, primitive processing technology and low industrialization, which lead to low added value of authentic medicinal materials. The economic benefits are poor. Most growers blindly pursue economic benefits, change the growing environment of medicinal materials at will, so that the species of authentic medicinal materials degenerate, the species are mixed, and some of the medicinal materials are processed by illegal operation and adulteration. The lack of uniform operation and inspection standards in the processing industry led to the inferior quality of medicinal materials; the construction of bases in various cities was slow and affected the industrialization development of authentic medicinal materials. There were only four kinds of certified varieties of GAP, such as Radix Polygoni, Chrysanthemum, Coptis, and Atractylodes Atractylodes. Compared with other provinces, there is still a big gap between the number of bases and varieties of GAP certification in Hubei Province, the small number of key leading enterprises, the lack of unified planning for leading enterprises by the government, the low overall strength and the limited role of economic pull; Grass-roots governments, Chinese herbal medicine enterprises and most drug farmers have weak brand awareness of authentic medicinal materials and lack of intellectual property protection, resulting in poor market competitiveness of traditional Chinese medicines. Lack of competitive advantage; "one Village, one Product" development lags behind. Industrialization development requires the establishment of leading industries, the implementation of regional layout, relying on leading enterprises to promote the development of scale management. In view of this, the author puts forward the development strategy of the industrialization of the authentic medicinal materials in Hubei province: perfecting the industrialization management mechanism of the authentic medicinal materials, cultivating the leading enterprises, establishing the demonstration base of the enterprise cluster, developing various kinds of intermediary service organizations of industrialization; Strengthen the industrialization base construction of authentic medicinal materials; improve the quality and safety level of authentic medicinal materials; strengthen the ability of scientific and technological innovation; open up domestic and foreign markets; so as to achieve the sustainable development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry in Hubei Province.
【学位授予单位】：湖北中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F326.12

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