Android系统的知识产权保护研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 04:29

本文选题：Android系统　切入点：开源软件　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：Android系统是一款应用于移动电子设备的智能操作系统，它由美国Google公司研发并推广，因其开源、免费、功能强大等特点而流行于世。作为计算机软件，Android系统受著作权法、专利法的保护；作为开源软件，Android系统遵循开源软件许可证的规则。著作权保护作品的客观表达。合理使用是著作权法律适用过程中的焦点，这在美国Oracle（甲骨文）公司诉Google公司Android系统侵权案中有鲜明的体现，非营利性是著作权合理使用的法律宗旨。著作权法对作品的保护具有强制性，这与表达自由的人权理念相冲突。著作权与表达自由都有法律上的渊源，然而不同的位阶、不同的角度使两者相互对立。对此，需要从人权角度出发，在具体案件中平衡著作权与表达自由的冲突。著作权保护着重于表达，专利权保护着重于构思。相同的构思可以呈现不同的表达，著作权保护了表象，却忽略了本质，专利权的保护更具根源性。 Android系统的开放性为其提供了强大的生命力，但开放的产品容易存在专利侵权风险，而且作为Android系统的主导者，Google公司自身专利储备短缺，Android系统已然危机四伏。在专利权利法律文件中，，权利要求书与说明书相结合，划定了Android系统发明专利的保护范围，明确了专利权利与非专利权利的界限，同时也成为判定他人是否侵权的法律依据。同阵营联盟对抗，充实Android系统阵营的专利库，法律手段与商业手段相结合，这在专利博弈的过程中可以很好的保护Android系统。 “开源”是获取源代码、自由演绎、自由发布、无差别共享等理念的集合，但“开源”定义没有体现免费的要求，开源也不仅仅意味着能够获取源代码。Android系统在实体上符合开源软件的定义，并在实践上严格履行了开源的要求，Android系统是一款开源软件。作为开源软件，开源软件许可证对Android系统意义非凡。著作权遵循民法意思自治原则，这是开源软件许可证得以存在的法律基础，为了保证源程序的开放，开源软件许可证的诞生同样显得很有必要。由于开源软件可以自由使用，所以只有在开源软件被修改时或者再发布时，开源软件许可证才显现出其价值；由于大多数开源软件是免费提供使用的，所以开源软件许可证都有一般性的无担保条款。有关开源软件许可证的选择，GNU通用公共许可证General Public License,version2的Copyleft（著佐权）条款能够保证Android系统开源的彻底性及传承性，然而Google公司采用Apache License, Version2.0作为Android系统（除内核以外）的主要许可证，这是把Android系统看作一种自由的选择，认为应当是推动而不是强迫所有人加入到Android系统开源项目中。
[Abstract]:Android system is an intelligent operating system applied to mobile electronic devices. It is developed and promoted by Google Company of USA. It is popular in the world because of its open source, free, powerful and so on. As a computer software, Android system is protected by copyright law and patent law. As open source software, Android system follows the rules of open source software license. The objective expression of copyright protection works. Rational use is the focus in the application of copyright law, which is clearly reflected in the American Oracle Corporation v. Google Company Android system infringement case. Non-profit is the legal aim of the fair use of copyright. The protection of works by copyright law is compulsory, which conflicts with the idea of human rights of freedom of expression. Both copyright and freedom of expression have legal origins, but different levels and different angles make the two opposing each other. It is necessary to balance the conflict between copyright and freedom of expression in specific cases from the point of view of human rights. Copyright protection focuses on expression and patent protection focuses on conception. The same idea can present different expressions. The copyright protects the appearance but ignores the essence. The protection of the patent right is more fundamental. The openness of Android system provides it with strong vitality, but the open product is prone to patent infringement risk, and as the leader of Android system, the shortage of patent reserves of Android system has been in danger. In the legal documents of patent rights, the combination of claims and specifications delimits the scope of protection of Android system invention patents, and clarifies the boundary between patent rights and non-patent rights. At the same time, it also becomes the legal basis to judge whether others are infringing or not. Against the alliance with the camp, it enriches the patent library of the Android system camp and combines the legal means with the commercial means, which can protect the Android system very well in the process of patent game. "Open source" is a collection of ideas such as access to source code, free interpretation, free distribution, and sharing without distinction, but the definition of "open source" does not reflect the requirement of free. Open source does not only mean that we can get the source code. Android system conforms to the definition of open source software in entity, and in practice we strictly comply with the requirements of open source. Android system is an open source software. As open source software, open source software license is of great significance to Android system. Copyright follows the principle of autonomy of meaning in civil law, which is the legal basis for the existence of open source software license. The birth of open source software licenses is also necessary. Because open source software is free to use, the open source software license only shows its value when the open source software is modified or rereleased; since most open source software is available for free, So open source software licenses have general unsecured clauses. The choice of open source software license is that the copy left2 clause of the GNU general public license General Public license version 2 can guarantee the thoroughness and inheritance of open source in Android system. Google, however, uses the Apache license and Version2.0 as the main license for Android systems (other than the kernel), which is viewed as a free choice to promote, not force, everyone to join the Android open source project.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D913

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