基于企业集群技术创新的知识共享机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 08:21

本文选题：企业集群　切入点：技术创新　出处：《重庆大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：经济全球化的今天，企业集群占据了世界经济版图中的主导地位，成为当今世界上最具特色和竞争力的经济组织形式之一。企业集群具有资源、成本、市场、创新等特殊的竞争优势，逐渐成为国内外发展经济的重要方式。面对当前激烈的市场竞争环境，技术创新对促进企业集群的发展尤为重要。技术创新是集群企业生存和发展的重要推动力，是企业集群竞争优势的重要来源。众多集群管理者也意识到这一点，在集群内大力倡导企业走技术创新之路。然而，集群环境下，技术创新扩散迅速，非创新企业模仿现象严重。这减少了首先创新企业的独占性收益，削弱了企业技术创新的动力，技术创新市场失灵现象突出。创新失灵严重阻碍着集群企业的创新步伐，制约着集群的发展。诸多文献表明，技术溢出是创新失灵的根源之一。而作为技术创新的后续过程，，企业集群内的技术扩散对集群发展有重要促进作用，企业集群的创新优势更是源于知识的互动共享。即，技术创新随着技术在企业集群内的迅速扩散和广泛共享，能发挥起更大的效用。面对技术溢出的正反两方面效应，解决的途径不应该是抑制溢出，而在于构建一套切实可行的知识共享机制使得创新企业的技术溢出能够得到相应的补偿以维持企业集群内部持续的创新动力。本文以企业集群技术创新过程中所存在的问题为出发点，梳理了企业集群、技术创新、知识共享的相关理论，并运用混沌理论探索了技术创新对企业集群产量和价格市场稳定性的影响作用，印证了技术创新对集群发展的重要作用，引出了维持企业集群技术创新动力的必要性，随后，针对企业集群容易发生的技术创新失灵现象，应用博弈理论挖掘了失灵的根源，即：技术溢出过大、技术创新效率较低、创新成本过高，并从根源寻求解决办法，针对性地设计了治理失灵的知识共享机制的数理框架，然后探讨了企业集群最优的知识共享程度，比较了四种合作创新模式下的知识共享效果，为建立合适的知识共享机制打下坚实基础。最后在总结研究结论的基础上从提升技术创新能力、降低知识共享成本、运用政府补偿、加强知识产权保护、选择适宜的合作策略几个角度建立了一套知识共享机制。全文拟为集群管理者提供一套在不抑制技术溢出的基础上实现治理创新失灵和维持企业集群技术创新动力的发展思路。
[Abstract]:Today, with the economic globalization, the enterprise cluster occupies the leading position in the world economic map, and becomes one of the most characteristic and competitive economic organization forms in the world.Enterprise cluster has special competitive advantages, such as resources, cost, market, innovation and so on, and has gradually become an important way to develop economy at home and abroad.In the face of the fierce market competition environment, technological innovation is particularly important to promote the development of enterprise clusters.Technological innovation is an important driving force for the survival and development of cluster enterprises and an important source of competitive advantage.A large number of cluster managers are aware of this and strongly advocate enterprises to take the road of technological innovation in the cluster.However, under the cluster environment, the technology innovation diffuses rapidly, the non-innovation enterprise imitates the phenomenon seriously.This reduces the monopolistic income of the first innovation enterprise, weakens the motive force of the technological innovation of the enterprise, and the market failure phenomenon of the technological innovation is prominent.Innovation failure seriously hinders the innovation of cluster enterprises and restricts the development of cluster.Many literatures show that technology spillover is one of the root causes of innovation failure.As a follow-up process of technological innovation, technology diffusion in enterprise clusters plays an important role in promoting the development of clusters, and the innovation advantages of enterprise clusters are derived from the interactive sharing of knowledge.That is, with the rapid diffusion and extensive sharing of technology in enterprise clusters, technological innovation can play a greater role.In the face of both positive and negative effects of technology spillover, the solution should not be to restrain spillover.It is to build a set of practical knowledge sharing mechanism to make the technology spillover of innovation enterprises get the corresponding compensation to maintain the continuous innovation power within the enterprise cluster.Based on the problems existing in the process of enterprise cluster technological innovation, this paper combs the relevant theories of enterprise cluster, technological innovation and knowledge sharing.Using chaos theory, this paper explores the influence of technological innovation on the stability of enterprise cluster output and price market, confirms the important role of technological innovation in cluster development, and leads to the necessity of maintaining the impetus of enterprise cluster technological innovation.In view of the phenomenon of technological innovation failure which is easy to happen in enterprise cluster, this paper applies game theory to excavate the root cause of the failure, that is, technology spillover is too large, technological innovation efficiency is low, innovation cost is too high, and seek solutions from the root cause.The mathematical framework of knowledge sharing mechanism of governance failure is designed, then the optimal degree of knowledge sharing in enterprise cluster is discussed, and the effect of knowledge sharing under four cooperative innovation modes is compared.Lay a solid foundation for the establishment of appropriate knowledge sharing mechanism.Finally, on the basis of summing up the research conclusions, a set of knowledge sharing mechanism is set up from several angles, such as improving the ability of technological innovation, reducing the cost of knowledge sharing, applying government compensation, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights and choosing appropriate cooperation strategies.This paper intends to provide a set of development ideas for cluster managers to realize governance innovation failure and maintain the driving force of enterprise cluster technological innovation on the basis of not restraining technology spillover.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F272

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