商标反向混淆及其法律规制研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 15:20

本文选题：商标 + 商标反向混淆　；参考：《河北经贸大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着知识经济时代的到来，人们逐渐认识到知识产权的重要性，它不再是一个被边缘化的概念，，而商标作为承载知识产权的一种重要载体，也早已不仅仅具有最初的标识作用，其已经成为企业的一种无形资产，承载着企业发展的核心价值——商誉。因此，商标权利如今已经成为所有企业的重点保护对象，但是由于商标的极易模仿性以及消费者对商标的辨识能力有限等原因，导致商标混淆侵权事件频繁发生。而商标反向混淆作为一种新型商标侵权方式出现在人们的视野中，近年来商标反向混淆案件屡见不鲜，引发了学术界的热烈探讨，商标反向混淆问题已经不容忽视。商标反向混淆行为损害了市场经济的健康发展，也扰乱了正常的竞争秩序，因此需要对其加以规制。然而由于立法的滞后性，法律尚未对此做出明确的规定，法律的不完善导致了司法实践的困难，法官对待此类案件的态度也是模棱两可。现阶段，我国对商标反向混淆没有系统性的规定，适用法律较为分散，但是为了适应时代发展的需要，也为了更好的实现商标法的立法目的，将商标反向混淆纳入我国商标侵权法律体系非常重要。本文采用了实证分析、比较分析、经济分析以及价值分析等方法进行研究，旨在对商标反向混淆理论及司法实践经验进行系统化分析的基础上，指出我国商标反向混淆法律规制中的不足并提出相应的完善建议，全文共分为五个部分：第一部分是引言部分，主要涉及该选题的研究目的及意义、国内外的研究现状等内容，研究目的及意义是论文价值的体现，而国内外研究现状则提供了研究基础，因此该部分是论文的写作基础，为该论文的写作发挥指引作用；第二部分主要是商标反向混淆的理论概述，是从该理论的起源与发展、商标反向混淆的界定及其法律规制的正当性和现实意义几个方面论述的，从理论方面对商标反向混淆进行全面分析、深入了解，目的是理解商标反向混淆的概念特征以及为其法律规制提供理论基础；第三部分主要是商标反向混淆的司法实践分析，由于商标反向混淆最初是以案例的形式出现，案例分析对于商标反向混淆问题的研究具有重要作用，因此笔者对中美较为典型的商标反向混淆案例进行了研究，并且在侵权构成、侵权认定标准、诉讼依据以及责任承担方式等方面进行了比较，以期为相关法律制度的完善提供指引；第四部分主要是我国商标反向混淆法律规制的现状，其中包括对立法现状、司法现状以及现存的不足之处的分析，其中不足之处包括混淆理论在立法中缺失、侵权认定因素不周延以及责任承担方式适用僵化等方面，知不足才能论完善，才可以为我国相关法律制度的完善提供帮助；第五部分主要是我国商标反向混淆法律规制的完善，包括混淆理论的引入、侵权性质的确认以及争议解决机制的健全等方面内容，其中混淆理论的引入中对“混淆可能性”标准的认定要素进行了分析，侵权性质的确认中也总结了商标反向混淆侵权认定要素，而争议解决机制则在借鉴美国经验的基础上提出了自己的构想，即基于对商标反向混淆中的主体、客体、主观、客观等各因素的分析提出了健全我国商标反向混淆争议解决机制的建议，意在为我国商标反向混淆法律规制的完善尽一份绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:With the advent of knowledge economy era, people gradually realized the importance of intellectual property, it is no longer a marginalized concept and trademark as an important carrier of intellectual property rights, has not only has the identification function first, it has become a kind of intangible assets of enterprises, carrying the core value of enterprise development the goodwill. Therefore, the trademark right has now become the focus of all enterprises protection object, but because the trademark is extremely easy to imitate and consumer identification ability of trademark Co. and other reasons, to confuse the trademark infringement events occur frequently. The trademark reverse confusion trademark infringement as a new way in people's field of vision. In recent years, trademark reverse confusion cases It is often seen., sparked a lively discussion in academic circles, trademark reverse confusion problems have been ignored. The trademark reverse confusion line To impair the healthy development of the market economy, but also disrupt the normal order of competition, so it needs to be regulated. However, due to the lack of legislation, the law has not yet been made clear, the imperfect of the law leads to the difficulty of judicial practice, judges to treat such cases are also ready to accept either course. At this stage, China no systematic regulations confusion of trademark reverse, the applicable law is more dispersed, but in order to meet the needs of the times, in order to realize the legislative purpose of trademark law better, the trademark reverse confusion into China's trademark infringement legal system is very important.
This paper uses empirical analysis, comparative analysis, research of economic analysis and the value analysis method, aimed at the trademark reverse confusion theory and judicial practice based on the systematic analysis, pointed out that China's lack of legal regulation of trademark reverse confusion and put forward the corresponding improvement proposals, this paper is divided into five parts:
The first part is the introduction, the purpose and significance of the research are mainly related to the topic, the domestic and foreign research content, purpose and significance of research is the embodiment of the value, and the research status at home and abroad to provide the research foundation, this part is the basis of the paper, the paper's writing play a guiding role;
The second part is the summary of the theory of trademark reverse confusion, from the origin and development of the theory, discusses the trademark reverse confusion and the definition of the legal regulation of some legitimacy and practical significance, the trademark reverse confusion were analyzed from the aspects of theory, understanding, to understand the concept and characteristics of trademark reverse confusion to provide a theoretical basis for the legal regulation;
The third part is the analysis of judicial practice of trademark reverse confusion, because the trademark reverse confusion first appeared in the form of case, case analysis plays an important role for the study of trademark reverse confusion problems, so the author of the trademark reverse confusion of Sino US typical case studies, and in tort, the standard of infringement, litigation evidence and accountability methods were compared, in order to improve the relevant legal system to provide guidance;
The fourth part is the status quo of China's trademark reverse confusion of legal regulation, including the legislative situation, judicial status and analysis of existing deficiencies, the deficiencies in legislation including lack of confusion theory, tort liability factors is not comprehensive, we apply rigid, lack of knowledge to improve on, can provide help to improve the relevant legal system in our country;
The fifth part is to improve our country's legal regulation of trademark reverse confusion, including confusion theory, solving mechanism of tort disputes and confirm the sound and other aspects, the confusion of the "likelihood of confusion" standard identifiedelements theory in the analysis, confirmation of tort also summarizes trademark reverse confusion the elements of infringement, and the dispute settlement mechanism is based on American experience put forward their own ideas, namely the subject, the trademark reverse confusion based on the object, the subjective factors and objective analysis, put forward perfecting the trademark reverse confusion dispute settlement mechanism is proposed to improve China's trademark reverse the confusion of legal regulation as a modest.

【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.43

【参考文献】