地下管道挖掘机结构设计与研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 09:44

本文选题：地下管道挖掘机 + 刀盘切削系统　；参考：《长春工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的加快、市政建设力度的加大,城市管道网线的规划往往赶不上城市化进程的需要,今天刚铺好的路面不久后由于市政建设的需要又要被扒开去埋设新的地下管线。虽说目前的非开挖施工技术已经逐步替代了传统的“挖槽铺管法”,但是我国的非开挖施工技术起步比较晚,常因一些重大工程的需要向国外引进非开挖设备,这不仅价格昂贵,而且不能满足国内的实际工况。因此,设计出一套拥有自主知识产权、结构简单、价格低廉、性能可靠、绿色环保、适合实际工况的非开挖设备一直是我国城市市政建设的需要。本文从工程实际出发,结合国内外非开挖施工技术,应用仿生学原理,以目前最具代表性的盾构机、顶管机以及水平定向钻机为引导,提出一款新型的不破坏原有路面和建筑物的具有自行走功能的小口径的(直径为φ500m nm)地下管道挖掘机,整机主要由刀盘切削系统、自行走系统、渣土运输系统、检测及控制系统组成,其可以在不开挖地表的情况下铺设各种地下给排水管线、煤气管线、通讯管线等。论文通过三维设计软件Solidworks建立了整机的三维实体模型,并应用ABAQUS对刀盘切削系统进行了三维动态仿真分析,找出了影响刀盘切削载荷的主要因素；依据仿生学的原理设计出一套自行走方案,不仅可以实现整机的自驱前行还可以实现挖掘方向的纠偏；渣土运输系统主要由螺旋输送机与钢丝绳牵引的运输小车组成；检测系统采用激光导向技术与视频监控技术相结合的方式,控制系统采用液压控制技术与PLC控制技术相结合的方式,使整机可以在无人进入管道的情况下自行完成地下管道的开挖、废弃渣土的输送以及地下工作状态的实时检测与显示,且能够实现一机多用,可广泛应用于软土、粘土以及砂卵石地层。本文对刀盘切削系统、渣土运输系统以及自行走系统进行了初步设计研究。为了提高刀盘的切削效率、降低主轴功率、减少各部分承受载荷、延长刀盘的使用寿命提出了一种新型的分步掘进式双刀盘切削系统；为了减小整机前进的阻力、防止已成形孔壁的坍塌,外刀盘采用挤压扩孔式设计；提出的新型渣土运输方案可以高效的将刀盘切削下来的废弃渣土输送到地面。论文为课题的进一步展开、深入研究打下坚实基础,对地下管道非开挖技术的发展具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the increase of municipal construction in China, the planning of urban pipeline network is often unable to keep up with the needs of the urbanization process.The newly paved road will soon be cut open for municipal construction to lay new underground pipelines.Although the current no-excavation construction technology has gradually replaced the traditional "trench-laying method", the non-excavation construction technology in our country started relatively late, and it is often introduced into foreign countries because of the need of some important projects.This is not only expensive, and can not meet the actual domestic conditions.Therefore, the design of a set of self-owned intellectual property rights, simple structure, low price, reliable performance, green environmental protection, suitable for the actual working conditions has been the need of urban construction in China.In this paper, based on the engineering practice, combined with the non-excavation construction technology at home and abroad, the most representative shield machine, pipe jacking machine and horizontal directional drilling machine are used to guide the application of biomimetic principle, which is currently the most representative of the shield machine, pipe jacking machine and horizontal directional drill.A new type of small caliber (蠁 500m nm diameter) underground pipeline excavator, which does not destroy the original road surface and buildings, is proposed. The whole excavator is mainly made up of cutting system with cutter head, self-running system and residue transportation system.The detection and control system can lay all kinds of underground water supply and drainage pipeline, gas pipeline, communication line and so on without excavating the surface.In this paper, the 3D solid model of the whole machine is established by the 3D design software Solidworks, and the three dimensional dynamic simulation analysis of the cutting system with ABAQUS is carried out, and the main factors affecting the cutting load of the cutter head are found out.According to the principle of bionics, a set of self-walking scheme is designed, which can not only realize the self-drive of the whole machine, but also correct the deviation of the excavating direction.The detection system adopts the combination of laser guidance technology and video surveillance technology, and the control system adopts the combination of hydraulic control technology and PLC control technology.The whole machine can be used to excavate underground pipeline without entering pipeline, to transport waste residue and to detect and display underground working state in real time. It can be used in many fields and can be widely used in soft soil.Clay and sandy pebbles.In this paper, the cutting system of cutter head, residue transportation system and self-running system are studied.In order to improve the cutting efficiency of the cutter head, reduce the power of the spindle, reduce the load on all parts, and prolong the service life of the cutter head, a new type of two-cutter head cutting system with step drivage is put forward, in order to reduce the resistance of advance of the whole machine,In order to prevent the collapse of the formed hole wall, the external cutter head is designed by extruding and expanding holes, and the new residue transportation scheme can efficiently transport the waste residue cut by the cutter head to the ground.The paper lays a solid foundation for the further development of the subject, and is of great significance to the development of underground pipeline excavation-free technology.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU621

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