我国专利期限制度及其适用研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 07:04

本文选题：专利期限 + 最优专利期限　；参考：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：专利期限制度是专利保护的核心内容，专利保护的实现必须以有效的专利期限制度为依托。没有有效的专利期限制度或制度不完善，将使整个专利制度促进创新的作用受到限制或难以实现。但就目前实际情况看，我国的专利期限制度主要是为了保持与国际条约相同的立场，根据国际法律规则规定的。如果专利保护期限的确定仅是为了迎合国际规则要求被动规定，缺少本国实际情况与市场力量的指引，将是个低效的制度。此时，专利期限制度将难以平衡社会和个人利益，也很难促进技术创新，同时理论界和实务界对上述问题的讨论也日趋激烈。因此，有必要运用实证分析的方法对我国专利期限制度的适用情况进行统计和分析，发现其中问题，为完善专利期限制度寻求良策。用于专利期限制度的相关范畴包括专利期限、专利最优期限、专利保护期限。专利期限是鼓励技术更新对权利人权利的一种约束，专利最优期限是平衡利益关系的一种调节器，专利保护期限是制裁侵权人对权利人权利的一种保护。通过实证研究分析我国专利期限制度的适用情况（法律状态、授权时间、维持时间），可以发现我国专利存在终止率较高、终止速率较快（其中未缴年费终止占七成左右）、专利授权时间偏长、不同领域专利存在适用差异等问题，，从我国实际情况考虑，其根源在于创新主体目的性偏差、创新主体资金差异、审查力量薄弱、撰写水平较低、高质量专利较少、技术本身特性的影响。站在我国实际问题存在的根源出发，考虑我国专利期限制度改革，提出加强从申请到授权期间的专利权益保护，包括缩短申请到授权时间、适度延长授权后的专利完全保护期限、调整专利起算点；优化从授权到终止期间的专利权利保护，包括对不同技术领域专利给予不同保护、根据本国实际将部分技术领域规定特殊的期限。同时，提出了提高我国知识产权的整体外部环境的途径。完善专利期限制度是专利保护水平提高的关键所在，需要在理论实践中不断探索、完善。
[Abstract]:Patent duration system is the core content of patent protection, and the realization of patent protection must rely on effective patent term system.If there is no effective patent term system or the system is imperfect, the role of the whole patent system in promoting innovation will be restricted or difficult to realize.But as far as the actual situation is concerned, the patent term system of our country is mainly in order to maintain the same position as the international treaty and according to the rules of international law.If the term of patent protection is only determined to meet the requirements of international rules passive regulation, the lack of guidance of the actual situation of the country and market forces, will be an inefficient system.At this time, it will be difficult to balance the social and personal interests and promote technological innovation in the patent term system. At the same time, the discussion on the above issues is becoming more and more intense in the theoretical and practical circles.Therefore, it is necessary to use the method of empirical analysis to make statistics and analysis on the application of patent term system in China, to find out the problems, and to find a good way to perfect the patent term system.The relevant categories used in patent term system include patent term, patent optimal term, patent protection period.The term of patent is a kind of restriction to encourage technology renewal to the rights of the obligee, the optimal term of patent is a kind of regulator to balance the relation of interests, and the term of patent protection is a kind of protection against the infringer to the right of the obligee.Through empirical research and analysis of the application of patent duration system in China (legal status, authorization time, maintenance time), it can be found that the patent termination rate is relatively high in China.The rate of termination is fast (about 70% of the cases are terminated by unpaid annual fee, the patent licensing time is too long, and there are differences in the application of patents in different fields). Considering the actual situation in our country, the root of this problem lies in the purposeful deviation of the innovation subject.The innovation main body fund difference, the examination power is weak, the writing level is lower, the high quality patent is less, the technology itself characteristic influence.Standing at the root of the actual problems in our country, considering the reform of the patent duration system in China, we propose to strengthen the protection of patent rights and interests during the period from application to authorization, including shortening the time between application and authorization.Appropriate extension of the period of full patent protection after authorization, adjustment of the starting point of the patent, optimization of the protection of patent rights during the period from authorization to termination, including the granting of different protection to patents in different technical fields,A special period of time will be set for some technical areas according to the actual situation in the country.At the same time, it puts forward the ways to improve the whole external environment of intellectual property in our country.Perfecting the patent term system is the key to the improvement of patent protection level, which needs to be explored and perfected in theory and practice.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.42

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