网络游戏中“外挂”问题的刑法思索

发布时间：2018-04-23 03:28

本文选题：知识产权 + 外挂　；参考：《苏州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：网络游戏是个新兴产业,随着这个行业的蒸蒸日上,网络游戏外挂现象也是屡禁不止。所谓“外挂”，主要是指一种能增强功能的程序，即通过修改服务器端程序、客户端程序或者修改服务器端程序与客户端程序之间传送的数据的方法作弊，用以增强游戏的效果。该程序独立于游戏软件，又外接于游戏程序，故而被称为“外挂”程序。而今,游戏外挂软件的多寡已经畸形地成为评价一个网络游戏成功与否的标准,甚至有玩家戏称:“没有外挂的游戏是网络垃圾”。不过，外挂的出现与盛行所带来的负面影响却是多方面的，尤其是会对游戏运营商、游戏玩家乃至整个网络环境和信息产业等造成伤害。这主要表现在以下几个方面：首先是损害了游戏运营商的利益。一方面它显著降低了游戏的难度和吸引力，分流了运营商的利润，增加了运营商的成本；另一方面它也损害了游戏运营商的声誉。其次，外挂破坏了网络游戏的公平性，使外挂使用者可以迅速达到正常用户运行程序很长时间才能达到的游戏等级，严重干扰了其他用户的正常游戏，导致大批正常用户的离开；最后，外挂严重影响了网络环境的信息安全和网络游戏产业的健康发展。网络游戏外挂在发展到一定阶段，就出现了不同的分工，，形成了开发、制作、运营的地下产业链，损害了这个具有良好发展前景的阳光产业，扼杀了我国民族游戏出版产业及该产业的创新积极性。外挂的出现与盛行带来的危害越来越大，当前司法实践中已经出现了大量与网络游戏外挂程序相关的刑事案件，例如，2003年初，谈某某私自组织人员破解和复制了《传奇3》网游程序和数据通讯协议，并以此为基础，继而研发出007传奇3系列外挂程序，通过向游戏玩家出售获利200余万元；再如，2004年底，被告人韩某擅自通过反向编译等手段，破解了《qq幻想》网络游戏软件的主程序和通讯协议，随后又编写出《qq幻想助理》外挂程序并进行销售，经营数额达30余万元。在这两起案件中，检察院以侵犯著作权罪提起公诉，而法院却是以非法经营罪判决，由此引发了人们关于外挂类案件与非法经营罪、侵犯著作权罪之间的法律关系的讨论。与外挂相关的法律问题已经成为了理论界和司法界的一个难题。其原因主要在于相应法规所必然存在的滞后性。近年来，主管部门针对外挂出台了一些司法解释和规定，其中“外挂”问题多数被简单地认定是一种未经允许、破坏他人程序技术保护措施、擅自修改他人软件程序的侵权行为，这种简单化、片面化处理“外挂”问题的方式，多数是因为对其所涉及的有关技术原理没有彻底厘清，忽视了网络游戏外挂本身复杂的专业性和技术性。网络游戏外挂毕竟是新鲜事物，对其概念和运作机理的理解还尚浅，有必要对其进行进一步深入的了解和研究，不然打击外挂行为这项工作将无法开展。有鉴于此，本文试图通过分析外挂行为的概念、机理、类型，并通过对经典案例的探讨和分析，力图解决和外挂行为有关的难题。事实上，由于外挂软件案件均或多或少留有痕迹，对事实的查证本身并无太大难度，问题的关键在于对行为性质的定性。为此，有必要根据该行为所侵害的法益性质，来决定是构成侵犯著作权罪还是非法经营罪等，抑或是无罪。
[Abstract]:The online game is a new industry . With the development of the industry , the phenomenon of online game hanging is often forbidden . The so - called " external hanging " refers to a program that can enhance the function . The program is independent of the game software and is externally connected to the game program , so it is called the " hanging " program .

However , the negative impact of the appearance and the prevalence of the external hanging is multifaceted , especially the harm to the game operator , the game player and even the whole network environment and the information industry . This is mainly manifested in the following aspects : first , it damages the interests of the game operator . On the one hand , it significantly reduces the difficulty and appeal of the game , divides the profit of the operator , and increases the operator ' s cost ;
on the other hand , it also damages the reputation of the game operator , and secondly , the external hanging destroys the fairness of the network game , so that the external hanging user can quickly reach the game level that the normal user running program can reach for a long time , and the normal game of other users is seriously interfered , leading to the departure of a large number of normal users ;
Finally , the external hanging seriously affects the information security of the network environment and the healthy development of the network game industry . The network game hangs up to a certain stage , the different division of labor is created , and the development , manufacture and operation of the underground industrial chain are formed , which damages the sunshine industry with good development prospect , and the innovation enthusiasm of the national game publishing industry and the industry is suppressed .

In the current judicial practice , there have been a great deal of criminal cases related to the online game program . For example , at the beginning of 2003 , some private self - organization personnel broke and copied the Legend 3 series online game program and data communication protocol , and then developed the 007 Legend 3 series of external programs , and sold more than 2 million yuan to the game players .
Then , by the end of 2004 , the defendant Han , by means of reverse compilation and so on , cracked the main program and communication protocol of the cybergame software , and then wrote out the program and sold it for more than 300,000 yuan . In both cases , the Public Prosecutor ' s Office made public prosecution in violation of the copyright crime , and the court was sentenced by illegal operation , thereby arousing the discussion of the legal relationship between the case of foreign hanging and the crime of illegal operation and the infringement of copyright .

This paper attempts to analyze the concept , mechanism and type of the external hanging behavior , and tries to solve the problems related to the external hanging behavior by analyzing the concept , mechanism and type of the external hanging behavior .

In fact , because there are more or less traces left in the case of external software , it is not very difficult to verify the facts . The key to the problem lies in the qualitative analysis of the nature of the behavior . To this end , it is necessary to decide whether to constitute a crime of infringement of copyright or illegal operation according to the nature of the act infringed by the act , or be innocent .

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D924.33

【参考文献】