中小企业出口绩效影响因素的实证研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 00:29

本文选题：中小企业 + 出口绩效　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国一直以来都是出口导向型国家，外贸依存度连续5年在50%以上，出口也是拉动我国经济的三驾马车之一，并且在中国加入WTO后更发挥着举足轻重的作用。中小企业是出口创汇的生力军，它们占有组织上的灵活性，经营方向的可变性等优势，在国际市场上崭露头角。但是我国的出口面临很多问题，虽然总量很大，但是利润较低。我国的工业化发展年限不长，，加工类产品大多处在劳动密集型行业，如服装、玩具等占用资本核技术较少，而资源环境的比重较大，这不利于我国创造利润。于是探索利润更高的出口加工方式就成为我国学者研究的热点。国内外学者的研究大多集中于如何发展对外贸易，而较少针对于如何提高出口加工企业的利润率；前人研究的成果更加专注于对国际贸易的影响，而鲜有对企业出口绩效的研究；学者的关注点大多集中于国家层面或者行业层面的国际贸易状况，而几乎没有针对于出口创汇的主力军中小企业的研究。通过对前人研究成果的学习和概括发现，能够影响中小企业出口绩效的因素很多，包括企业内在差异、行业差异因素、国家政策因素和国际市场影响因素几个方面。本文在深入分析了当前形势，结合企业的实际情况作出假设，通过实证研究的方式，希望能够对中小企业提升其出口创汇能力提出参考意见。本文在实证研究过程中使用了因子分析，回归分析以及二项逻辑分析等统计方法，对所作假设进行验证，得出了以下结论：企业细分市场和差异化经营程度越高，越能提高中小企业出口绩效;中小企业对资本化RD投入经费越多，越能提高企业的出口绩效;出口绩效的高低随着经济周期的变动出现先于经济周期的相应变动;健全的品牌建设有助于提升中小企业的出口绩效；实施战略性贸易政策能够提高我国中小企业的出口创汇能力；战略性贸易政策实施越严谨，我国中小企业的出口绩效越低，二者成反向变动关系；外商直接投资能够促进中小企业出口绩效，某地区外商直接投资数额越大，该地区中小企业出口绩效越高;世界经济周期会影响世界贸易周期，企业的出口绩效会根据世界经济周期变动呈现变动知识创新数量越多，知识产权保护政策越具体，中小企业的出口绩效就越高;国际资本流动越频繁、资本流动门槛越低，中小企业的出口绩效就越高. 由于本文研究因素较多，在具体细节上还有许多不足和不完善的地方，本文在最后也做出了对本领域未来研究的展望，以期待后续学者继续研究。
[Abstract]:China has always been an export-oriented country with a dependence on foreign trade of more than 50% for five consecutive years. Export is also one of the troika driving China's economy, and it plays an important role after China's entry into WTO. Small and medium-sized enterprises are the new force of export earning foreign exchange. They have the advantages of flexibility in organization and variability of management direction, so they are emerging in the international market. But our country's export faces many problems, although the total amount is very big, but the profit is low. The development of industrialization in our country is not long, most of the processed products are in labor-intensive industries, such as clothing, toys and other occupation of capital and nuclear technology, but the proportion of resources and environment is large, which is not conducive to the creation of profits in China. Therefore, the exploration of higher profit export processing has become a hot spot of Chinese scholars. Scholars at home and abroad mostly focus on how to develop foreign trade, but less on how to improve the profit margin of export processing enterprises. However, there are few researches on the export performance of enterprises. Most of the scholars focus on the international trade situation at the national level or the industry level, but there is almost no research on the small and medium-sized enterprises, which are the main force of export earnings. Through the study and summary of the previous research results, it is found that there are many factors that can affect the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, including the internal differences of enterprises, industry differences, national policy factors and international market factors. This paper analyzes the current situation deeply, makes the hypothesis according to the actual situation of the enterprise, and through the way of the empirical research, hopes to give some reference suggestions to the small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance their ability of earning foreign exchange from export. In this paper, factor analysis, regression analysis and binomial logic analysis are used to verify the hypothesis, and the following conclusions are drawn: the higher the degree of market segmentation and differentiated management is, The more SMEs invest in R D, the better their export performance can be, and the higher the export performance is, the earlier the export performance changes before the economic cycle with the change of the economic cycle, the higher the export performance is, the higher the export performance is, and the more the R & D investment is, the better the export performance will be. Sound brand building helps to improve the export performance of SMEs; the implementation of strategic trade policies can improve the ability of SMEs to earn foreign exchange from exports; the more stringent the implementation of strategic trade policies, the lower the export performance of SMEs. Foreign direct investment (FDI) can promote the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The larger the amount of FDI, the higher the export performance of SMEs in a certain region. The world economic cycle will affect the world trade cycle. The more the quantity of knowledge innovation, the more specific the intellectual property protection policy, the higher the export performance of small and medium-sized enterprises, the more frequent the international capital flow, the lower the threshold of capital flow. The higher the export performance of SMEs. As there are many factors in this paper, there are still many deficiencies and imperfections in the specific details. At the end of this paper, we also make the prospect of the future research in this field, in order to look forward to the follow-up scholars continue to study.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F276.3;F224

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