船用导航雷达数据处理技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 14:27

  本文选题：导航雷达 + 数据处理　； 参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国的经济实力与日俱增,电子信息产业与航运业蓬勃发展,船用导航雷达的市场需求更为广阔。然而民用导航雷达多被国外公司垄断,国内企业在该领域起点低、起步晚,故研制具有自主知识产权的导航雷达有着极高的市场价值和战略意义。本文研究了雷达数据处理技术,并结合实际雷达系统研制了显控软件,通过仿真验证了其实用性。首先,对于雷达数据处理过程中的点迹处理技术进行分析研究。分析了本文采用的固态源发射机体制的雷达形成多值性的原因,研究了为获得点迹唯一估计值的凝聚处理方法。考虑到目标在运动平台下参考系的使用不同,分析了常见参考系的转换方法。然后,研究了雷达数据处理过程中对于航迹处理的算法。其中,航迹起始主要研究了直观法和M/N逻辑法,在逻辑法的基础上通过对波门的控制进行优化改进,减少虚假航迹。仿真各个起始算法,验证改进航迹起始算法的良好性能。最近邻域标准滤波(NNSF)和概率数据互联滤波(PDAF)是工程上常用的点迹-航迹关联算法,仿真对比了两种算法,验证了在杂波环境中使用PDAF算法的效果更好。研究了联合概率数据关联滤波(JPDAF)以解决上述滤波算法在多目标交叉运动的情况下跟踪精度较低的问题。由于JPDAF算法复杂实现困难,在此基础上研究了经验JPDAF。通过仿真验证了JPDAF对比PDAF的优势和经验JPDAF的有效性和可行性。航迹滤波在卡尔曼滤波的基础上,研究了一阶扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)和转换量测卡尔曼滤波(CMKF),仿真验证了CMKF在非线性较强的情况下效果更好。最后,完成在通用计算机上雷达显控软件设计与实现。该软件包括通信模块、雷达数据处理模块、雷达视频显示模块以及以电子海图为显示背景的态势显示模块。其中,前面雷达数据处理技术研究的为雷达数据处理模块的基础。该软件系统可以实现对雷达的操作以及显示雷达工作状态、回波信息,且提供雷达数据处理功能,实现对雷达数据的处理,形成航迹。论文通过仿真产生多目标交叉运动,测试了该软件雷达数据处理的实用性和有效性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economic strength of our country is increasing day by day, the electronic information industry and shipping industry develop vigorously, the market demand of marine navigation radar is wider. However, most of the civil navigation radar is monopolized by foreign companies, and domestic enterprises have low starting point and late start in this field, so it is of high market value and strategic significance to develop navigation radar with independent intellectual property rights. In this paper, the radar data processing technology is studied, and the display and control software is developed in combination with the actual radar system. The practicability of the software is verified by simulation. Firstly, the point trace processing technology in radar data processing is analyzed and studied. In this paper, the reason why the radar of the solid-state source transmitter system is multi-valued is analyzed, and the coacervation processing method for obtaining the unique estimation of the point trace is studied. Considering the different use of reference system under moving platform, the conversion method of common reference system is analyzed. Then, the algorithm of track processing in radar data processing is studied. Among them, the path initiation mainly studies the intuitive method and the M / N logic method. On the basis of the logic method, the control of the wave gate is optimized and improved to reduce the false track. The simulation results show that the improved track initiation algorithm has good performance. Recently, the neighborhood standard filter (NNSF) and probabilistic data interconnect filter (PDAF) are commonly used in engineering. The simulation results show that the PDAF algorithm is more effective in clutter environment. The joint probabilistic data association filtering (JPDAF) is studied to solve the problem that the tracking accuracy of the above filtering algorithm is low in the case of multi-target cross motion. Because the JPDAF algorithm is difficult to implement, the empirical JPDAF is studied. The effectiveness and feasibility of JPDAF compared with PDAF and empirical JPDAF are verified by simulation. Based on the Kalman filter, the first order extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the converted measurement Kalman filter (CMKF) are studied. The simulation results show that CMKF is more effective in the case of strong nonlinearity. Finally, the design and implementation of radar display control software on general computer are completed. The software includes communication module, radar data processing module, radar video display module and situation display module based on electronic chart. Among them, the research of radar data processing technology is the basis of radar data processing module. The software system can realize the operation of radar, display the working state of radar, echo information, provide the function of radar data processing, realize the processing of radar data and form track. This paper tests the practicability and validity of the software radar data processing by simulating multi-target cross motion.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U665.22
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本文编号：1883582