国际知识产权保护对我国出口贸易的影响及对策研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 01:22

本文选题：知识产权保护 + 出口贸易　；参考：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着知识经济时代的快速发展,知识产权在各国出口贸易发展中发挥了不可替代的作用,知识产权保护也逐渐成为一个世界各国共同关心的话题。从法律的角度看知识产权是权利人对智力成果所拥有的一种民事权利,从经济的角度看其是企业的无形资产,是提高企业国际竞争力的强有力的手段。当前各国围绕着如何加强知识产权保护采取了各种措施,而我国上世纪80年代才开始建立知识产权保护体系,保护体系发展缓慢且贸易纠纷不断,严重影响了我国出口贸易的发展。因此,本文尝试通过剖析我国知识产权保护的现状及其与我国出口贸易的关系,为促进我国出口贸易的发展提出了应对之策。本文首先对国内外有关知识产权保护与对外贸易关系的文献进行整理和罗列,基于国际协议和公约对知识产权的概念进行了明确的界定,分析了知识产权的特征、动因及战略地位。随后详细介绍了知识产权保护的四个经济学理论,分别是新古典学派的外部性理论、新制度学派的交易费用论、产品生命周期论以及《TRIPS》协定。阐述了理论启示和现实意义,并以此论证了在对外贸易发展中加强知识产权保护的重要性,为本文阐述通过加强知识产权保护来促进出口贸易的必要性和合理性奠定了基础。其次,采取了定量与定性的分析方法,运用经济学知识和历年数据系统地研究了国际知识产权保护对我国出口贸易的影响,该部分是全文的核心。一方面,本文从出口贸易量、贸易利益和贸易结构三个角度分析知识产权保护的经济效应,然后结合我国出口贸易的现状,从正反两个角度探究知识产权保护对我国出口贸易的影响。另一方面,利用我国历年出口额、国际专利申请量、研发投入量等代表性数据建立回归模型,通过回归分析证明知识产权保护与我国出口贸易之间存在正相关关系。最后,总结了美国和欧盟知识产权保护的策略,该部分分别从立法、执法、政府和企业、海关等不同层次分析了发达国家知识产权保护体系,以供我们借鉴发达国家先进的经验。然后深入的剖析了我国出口企业知识产权保护的现状、问题及原因,结合现状从宏观和微观层面上提出完善我国知识产权保护体系的对策。从宏观层面看,政府应健全立法、提高执法、完善纠纷解决机制等；从微观层面看,企业致力于自主创新、提高产权及维权意识等,从而减少贸易争端。目前文献主要是从法律角度研究对外贸易中的知识产权协议及据此分析加强知识产权保护利弊,本文的创新点就在于重点剖析了现行的我国知识产权保护体系的缺陷及其对我国出口贸易的影响,借鉴美国和欧盟知识产权保护的经验,在做到知己知彼的同时提出符合我国现实需要的知识产权保护策略,从而提升我国企业的国际竞争力。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the era of knowledge economy, intellectual property rights have played an irreplaceable role in the development of export trade, and intellectual property protection has gradually become a topic of common concern to all countries in the world. From the angle of law, intellectual property right is a kind of civil right that the obligee has to intellectual achievement. From the angle of economy, it is an intangible asset of an enterprise and a powerful means to improve the international competitiveness of an enterprise. At present, various countries have taken various measures around how to strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights. However, China only started to establish the system of intellectual property protection in the 1980s. The system of protection developed slowly and trade disputes continued. Seriously affected the development of China's export trade. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze the current situation of China's intellectual property protection and its relationship with China's export trade, and puts forward countermeasures for promoting the development of China's export trade. In this paper, the domestic and foreign literature on the relationship between intellectual property rights protection and foreign trade is first sorted and listed, and the concept of intellectual property rights is clearly defined based on international agreements and conventions, and the characteristics of intellectual property rights are analyzed. Motivation and strategic position. Then four economic theories of intellectual property protection are introduced in detail, which are externality theory of neoclassical school, transaction cost theory of new institution school, product life cycle theory and < TRIPS > agreement. This paper expounds the theoretical enlightenment and practical significance, and thus demonstrates the importance of strengthening intellectual property protection in the development of foreign trade, which lays a foundation for the necessity and rationality of strengthening intellectual property protection to promote export trade. Secondly, it adopts the quantitative and qualitative analysis method, and systematically studies the impact of international intellectual property protection on China's export trade by using economic knowledge and data over the years. This part is the core of the full text. On the one hand, this paper analyzes the economic effects of intellectual property protection from three angles of export trade volume, trade interests and trade structure, and then combines the current situation of China's export trade. This paper probes into the impact of intellectual property protection on China's export trade from two angles: positive and negative. On the other hand, based on the representative data of export volume, international patent application and R & D investment, the regression model is established, and the positive correlation between intellectual property protection and China's export trade is proved by regression analysis. Finally, the strategies of intellectual property protection in the United States and the European Union are summarized. This part analyzes the intellectual property protection systems of developed countries at different levels, such as legislation, law enforcement, government and enterprises, customs, etc. For us to learn from the advanced experience of developed countries. Then it deeply analyzes the current situation, problems and reasons of the intellectual property protection of Chinese export enterprises, and puts forward the countermeasures to perfect the intellectual property protection system of our country from the macro and micro level combined with the present situation. From the macro level, the government should perfect the legislation, improve the law enforcement, perfect the dispute resolution mechanism, and from the micro level, the enterprises should devote themselves to innovation, improve the awareness of property rights and rights, and reduce trade disputes. The current literature mainly studies intellectual property agreements in foreign trade from a legal perspective and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of strengthening intellectual property rights protection. The innovation of this paper is to analyze the defects of the current intellectual property protection system in China and its impact on China's export trade, and to draw lessons from the experiences of the United States and the European Union in the protection of intellectual property rights. In order to enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises, the author puts forward the protection strategy of intellectual property right which meets the needs of our country.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F752.62;F204

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