我国音乐著作权集体管理的垄断性问题的预防机制探讨

发布时间：2018-05-18 18:01

本文选题：音乐著作权 + 集体管理　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科技的不断发展和进步,无论是从对著作权人的权利的行使与保护来说,还是出于对文化的传播与发展的角度,著作权集体管理都是不可缺少的手段。具体到音乐著作权的保护与音乐文化的传播与发展,音乐著作权集体管理更是显得尤为重要,音乐著作权集体管理组织在音乐著作权人和音乐作品利用者之间所起到的桥梁作用是无可取代的。而我国的音乐著作权集体管理组织相较于世界知识产权保护制度较为成熟的国家来讲,起步较为晚、发展也较为缓慢,相关制度不太健全,且立法方面的相关规定也有所匮乏。正是由于上述的种种弊端,我国的音乐著作权保护力度显得较为薄弱,音乐版权市场的发展也较为混乱。具体来说,现如今在我国,中国音乐著作权协会是在国家版权局和中国音乐家协会共同的发起下设立的唯一存在的音乐著作权集体管理组织,在这种情形下,中国音乐著作权协会明显的具有官方性、唯一性的特点,这种特点虽然为音乐著作权的管理带来了统一快捷的便利,但其很容易造成中国音乐著作权协会在中国音乐版权市场的垄断地位。从中国音乐著作权集体管理组织的权利来源模式上来看,我国的音乐著作权集体管理组织从音乐著作权人处取得独占性许可授权,而观之我国的集体管理组织的现状,由于缺乏有效的制约和监督机制,国内的音乐版权市场还未形成统一透明的规制,尤其是目前我国对于著作权的集体管理缺乏科学的许可费标准确立机制。在此基础上,著作权法第三次修改则根据国外有关经验,在本次修法中,扩充了相关内容,并引进了著作权的延伸性集体管理制度,该做法引起了业界人士的极大反响。著作权延伸性集体管理制度的引入诚然有着不可小觑的益处,该制度不仅能保证作品利用者在利用作品时的合法性,减少交易成本,增强经济效益,还能平衡著作权人、作品利用人及社会发展之间的利益冲突,对于中国音乐著作权协会的发展规模来讲也是大有裨益。从本次修法对相关规定进行丰富和完善的角度来说,《著作权法》的新修是在立法层次上对相关制度的有益探索。但是对于本次采用的延伸性管理规定,社会各方面的质疑却不绝于耳,其原因也不难理解,抛开我国音乐著作权集体管理组织的管理水平较为低下不说,其半官方性质与垄断之嫌已足以使业内人士忧心。也正是由于中国音乐著作权协会在我国音乐表演权领域的独占地位,对于延伸性管理规定的适用要采取慎重的态度,且应从立法上加强对中国音乐著作权集体管理制度的完善和监督,即对其予以反垄断手段上的规制,以平衡音乐版权市场的主体性、平等性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and progress of science and technology, the collective management of copyright is an indispensable means in terms of the exercise and protection of the rights of copyright owners, as well as the transmission and development of culture. In terms of the protection of music copyright and the spread and development of music culture, the collective management of music copyright is particularly important. Music copyright collective management organization plays an irreplaceable role as a bridge between music copyright owners and music users. Compared with the mature countries of the world intellectual property protection system, the music copyright collective management organization of our country starts relatively late, develops slowly, the related system is not perfect, and the relevant provisions of the legislation are also lacking. Because of the above malpractices, the protection of music copyright in our country is weak, and the development of music copyright market is chaotic. Specifically, today in China, the China Music copyright Association is the only existing collective music copyright management organization established under the joint initiative of the State copyright Administration and the Chinese musicians Association. In this case, The Chinese Music copyright Association obviously has the characteristics of being official and unique, although this characteristic has brought a unified and quick convenience to the management of music copyright. But it can easily lead to the monopoly position of China Music copyright Association in Chinese music copyright market. From the view of the mode of the right source of Chinese music copyright collective management organization, the music copyright collective management organization of our country obtains the exclusive license authorization from the music copyright owner, but views the present situation of our country's collective management organization. Due to the lack of effective restriction and supervision mechanism, the domestic music copyright market has not yet formed a unified and transparent regulation, especially for the collective management of copyright in China is lack of a scientific licensing fee standard establishment mechanism. On this basis, the third revision of the copyright Law is based on the relevant experience of foreign countries, in this amendment, the relevant content has been expanded, and the extended collective management system of copyright has been introduced, which has aroused a great response from the people in the industry. It is true that the introduction of the extended collective management system of copyright can not be underestimated. This system can not only guarantee the legitimacy of the users of the works, reduce transaction costs, enhance economic benefits, but also balance the copyright owners. The conflict of interest between the people and the social development is beneficial to the development of the Chinese Music copyright Association. From the point of view of enriching and perfecting the relevant regulations, the new revision of copyright Law is a beneficial exploration of the relevant system at the legislative level. However, as to the extended management regulations adopted this time, various aspects of society have been constantly questioned, and the reasons are not difficult to understand. The management level of the collective management organizations for music copyright in our country is relatively low. Its semi-official nature and the suspicion of monopoly is enough to make the industry worried. It is precisely because of the exclusive position of the Chinese Music copyright Association in the field of music performance rights in China that it is necessary to take a prudent attitude towards the application of the extended management regulations. In order to balance the subjectivity and equality of the music copyright market, we should strengthen the perfection and supervision of the collective management system of Chinese music copyright in legislation, that is, to regulate its antitrust means.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D923.41

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