构建中美新型大国关系及中国对策

发布时间：2018-06-02 19:41

本文选题：中美关系 + 新型大国关系　；参考：《河南大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,中美关系可以说是当今世界之中最重要、最活跃也是最为复杂的双边关系。自1979年中美两国建交至今已有35年历史。在这段时间里,中美关系经历了跌宕起伏、时阴时晴,但总体上趋于和平。2012年5月,胡锦涛在出席第四轮中美战略与经济对话开幕式致辞时提出,要努力发展一种让中美两国人民放心、让各国人民安心的中美新型大国关系；同时也提出了新型大国关系的构建需要从“创新思维、相互信任、平等互谅、积极行动”等角度着手的提议,这一提议得到了美国领导人的认可。由于经济全球化的发展,大国间以经济为核心、以科技为先导的国际经济贸易联系越发紧密,再加上传统的军事安全有所下降,非传统安全因素上升,经济安全、金融安全、能源安全的矛盾日益突出。中美两国自正式建交以来,双方在多个领域展开了前所未有的合作。彼此间的安全基础及战略安全关系,呈现出错综复杂的多元化趋势,中美关系显得更为复杂和微妙。这种情势的变化,为中美寻求新的合作基础提供了良好的契机。但是两国关系也面临重要的挑战。通过对中美关系发展以及现状的梳理,详细分析了两国新型大国关系中的存在的障碍主要分为两个方面：思想障碍和现实障碍。在美国理论界深受“霸权周期论”、“霸权稳定论”和“中国威胁论”这三大主流论调的影响,在此方面,仍以其传统的“冲突原则”和“零和博弈”思维与战略应对。现实障碍方面主要有包括两国政治制度、意识形态及发展模式、领土安全、经济利益、知识产权以及国际事务上的矛盾。中美新型大国关系的构建是一个渐进的过程,需要双方的共同努力和相互理解,通过对中美两国国家利益、国情等方面分析提出了构建中美创建新型大国关系的六原则,来应对新形势下不断发展变化的大国双边关系。中美两国要在双方达成一致共识的基础上,走积极的、和平的道路,创建新型的合作关系,这需要两国做出更多实质性的举措,坚持友好交往、互利互惠的原则,在交往中求发展,在发展中求互利,推动两国关系向着积极、稳定的态势向前迈进；并在理论思维、战略信任、平等互谅、官方行动、民间交往等方面增进共同的行动,实现中美两国的互利互惠、携手共赢。
[Abstract]:At present, Sino-US relations can be said to be the most important, most active and complex bilateral relations in the world today. It has been 35 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States in 1979. During this period, Sino-US relations have experienced ups and downs, cloudy and sunny, but generally peaceful. In May 2012, Hu Jintao said in a speech to the opening ceremony of the fourth round of the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue, It is necessary to strive to develop a new type of China-US great power relationship that will reassure the people of China and the United States, and let the people of all countries feel at ease. At the same time, it has also pointed out that the construction of a new type of great power relationship needs to be based on "innovative thinking, mutual trust, equality and mutual understanding." Positive action and other approaches to the proposal, which was endorsed by American leaders. As a result of the development of economic globalization, the international economic and trade ties between big countries, which are centered on the economy and guided by science and technology, have become more and more close. In addition, traditional military security has declined, non-traditional security factors have increased, economic security and financial security have increased. The contradiction of energy security is increasingly prominent. Since the two countries formally established diplomatic relations, the two sides have launched unprecedented cooperation in many fields. The security foundation and strategic security relationship between China and the United States are complicated and diversified, and the relationship between China and the United States is more complicated and delicate. This change in the situation provides a good opportunity for China and the United States to seek a new foundation for cooperation. But relations between the two countries also face important challenges. By combing the development and current situation of Sino-US relations, this paper analyzes in detail the existing obstacles in the new type of great power relations between the two countries: ideological obstacles and practical obstacles. The American theorists are deeply influenced by the three mainstream theories of "hegemonic cycle theory", "hegemonic stability theory" and "China threat theory". In this respect, they still respond with their traditional "conflict principle" and "zero-sum game" thinking and strategy. Practical obstacles include political system, ideology and development model, territorial security, economic interests, intellectual property rights and conflicts in international affairs. The construction of a new type of great power relationship between China and the United States is a gradual process, which requires the joint efforts and mutual understanding of both sides. Through the analysis of the national interests and national conditions of China and the United States, this paper puts forward six principles for building a new type of great power relationship between China and the United States. To deal with the new situation under the ever-changing bilateral relations between major countries. China and the United States should take a positive and peaceful path and create a new type of cooperative relationship on the basis of consensus reached between the two sides. This requires the two countries to make more substantive measures and adhere to the principles of friendly exchanges and mutual benefit. To seek development in exchanges and mutual benefit in development, to push forward the relations between the two countries towards a positive and stable trend, and to promote common actions in the areas of theoretical thinking, strategic trust, equality and mutual understanding, official action, and people-to-people exchanges. To achieve mutual benefit and win-win cooperation between China and the United States.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D822.371.2

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