深水钻机集成监控系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-07-08 11:10

本文选题：深水钻机 + 集成监控系统　；参考：《中国石油大学(华东)》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：深水钻机是海洋油气开发的关键装备,深水钻机集成监控系统是其重要组成部分,是集控制、监测和监视一体化的复杂大系统,是海上安全、高效钻井作业的保证。由于处于海洋环境,对深水钻机集成监控系统可靠性要求更高,随着深水钻机配套设备的增多及自动化程度的提高,集成监控难度不断加大。目前,该方面研究欧美发达国家处于垄断地位。因此,进行自主知识产权的深水钻机集成监控系统关键技术和理论研究具有重要战略意义。本文依托“十二五”863计划重大课题,对水深3000m、钻深10000m的半潜式钻井平台深水钻机集成监控系统开展研究。首先,开展了深水钻机集成监控系统总体方案设计。考虑深水钻井的特殊性,在分析深水钻机集成监控系统相关影响因素的基础上,研究深水钻机集成监控系统的非功能性和功能性需求;对深水钻机集成监控系统功能结构进行研究,划分其功能模块,对特殊功能模块进行了深入分析;对深水钻机集成监控系统进行整体层次划分,完成了物理架构设计和逻辑架构设计;提出基于工业以太网的深水钻机集成监控系统总体架构;完成了基于WinCC的深水钻机集成监控系统人机界面设计。其次,开展了深水钻机集成监控系统的可靠性冗余优化配置研究。针对可靠性冗余配置存在成本、体积、重量显著增加的问题,对串并联和并串联结构进行对比分析;以可靠度、成本、体积、重量为优化目标,开展多目标可靠性冗余优化配置研究;针对元器件或组件的多样性和冗余数的不确定性,采用智能算法混合策略,提出了一种改进遗传算子的GAG1-IASGA算法;并对其性能和优化结果与其它算法进行详细对比分析,获得了多目标可靠性冗余优化配置方案,为深水钻机集成监控系统可靠性优化设计提供重要参考。再次,开展了深水钻机集成监控系统的组网优化配置研究。针对局部网络拥塞严重问题,对深水钻机集成监控系统网络结构进行深入研究;以通过交换机的总流量、流量分布作为优化目标,开展深水钻机集成监控系统的组网优化配置研究,提出了一种基于模拟退火算法的APSO-GA混合算法;并对其性能和优化结果与其它算法进行详细对比分析,获得了多目标组网优化配置方案,为深水钻机集成监控系统组网优化设计提供理论依据。最后,基于本文优化设计方案设计搭建了深水钻机集成监控系统网络测试实验平台,探索研究网络系统测试方法、手段和工具,按照国家规范,对系统进行了调试,对CPU、服务器、单环网通信、双环网通信、环间耦合和电源等进行了冗余功能测试,利用典型测试用例进行了控制功能和远程监控功能测试,对连通性、冗余自愈性、网络时延、时延抖动、丢包率、吞吐量等网络性能进行测试与分析,证明了系统网络传输的快速性、实时性、稳定性和可靠性,同时验证了优化设计的合理性和有效性,为设置PLC的扫描周期提供依据,为优化网络结构和配置、提高系统网络性能提供有效依据,为更加有效地进行网络性能管理提供技术支持。
[Abstract]:Deepwater drilling rig is the key equipment of marine oil and gas development. The integrated monitoring and control system of deepwater drilling rig is an important part of it. It is a complex system with integrated control, monitoring and monitoring. It is the guarantee of marine safety and high efficiency drilling operation. Because of the marine environment, the reliability of the integrated monitoring system of deep water drill is higher, with deep water drilling. The difficulty of integrated monitoring and control is increasing. At present, the developed countries in Europe and the United States are in a monopoly position. Therefore, the key technology and theoretical research of the integrated monitoring and control system for deepwater drilling rigs with independent intellectual property rights has important strategic significance. This paper relies on the "12th Five-Year" 863 plan. The research of the integrated monitoring system for deep water drilling rig in deep water drilling platform is carried out in a large project. First, the overall plan of the integrated monitoring system for deepwater drilling rig is designed. Considering the particularity of deepwater drilling, on the basis of analyzing the related factors related to the integrated monitoring and control system of deep water drilling rig, the integrated monitoring system of deepwater drilling rig is studied. The non functional and functional requirements of the control system; study the functional structure of the integrated monitoring and control system for deepwater drilling rig, divide its functional modules, analyze the special functional modules, divide the integrated monitoring system of deepwater drilling rig into a whole hierarchy, complete the physical architecture design and logical framework design, and propose based on the industrial ether. The overall framework of integrated monitoring and control system for deepwater drilling rig is constructed, and the design of man-machine interface for integrated monitoring and control system of deepwater drilling rig based on WinCC is completed. Secondly, the reliability redundancy optimization of integrated monitoring and control system of deepwater drilling rig is carried out. The series structure is compared and analyzed; the reliability, cost, volume and weight are the optimization targets, and the multi-objective reliability redundancy optimization configuration is studied. In view of the uncertainty of the diversity and redundancy of components or components, a hybrid strategy of intelligent algorithm is used to improve the GAG1-IASGA algorithm of genetic operators. The results and other algorithms are compared and analyzed in detail, and the multi-objective reliability redundancy optimization scheme is obtained. It provides an important reference for the reliability optimization design of the integrated monitoring system for deepwater drilling rig. Thirdly, the optimization configuration of the integrated monitoring system for deepwater drilling rig is carried out. The network structure of the integrated monitoring and control system is studied in depth. By using the total flow and flow distribution of the switch as the optimization target, the optimal configuration of the integrated monitoring system for deepwater drilling rig is carried out. A APSO-GA hybrid algorithm based on simulated annealing algorithm is proposed, and its performance and optimization results are detailed with other algorithms. In contrast, a multi-objective network optimization configuration scheme is obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the optimization design of the integrated monitoring system for deepwater drilling rigs. Finally, based on this optimization design scheme, a network test platform for the integrated monitoring and control system of deepwater drilling rig is built, and the methods and tools of network system testing are explored and studied. The system is debugged, and the redundant functions are tested on CPU, server, single loop network communication, double loop network communication, ring coupling and power supply. The control function and remote monitoring function test are carried out with typical test cases, and the network performance, such as connectivity, redundancy self healing, network delay, delay jitter, packet loss rate, throughput and other network performance are introduced. The test and analysis prove the fast, real-time, stability and reliability of the system network transmission, and verify the rationality and effectiveness of the optimization design. It provides the basis for setting the scanning cycle of the PLC, optimizing the network structure and configuration, improving the performance of the system network, and making the network performance management more effective. Provide technical support.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE951

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