中美利益集团影响公共政策的比较研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 13:20
【摘要】：自改革开放以来,随着市场经济体制的建立和完善,中国正经历着一个从单一社会向多样型社会的转型。利益格局的变化带来了利益群体的多元化,能够影响和参与政策过程的利益集团逐步形成。但是由于利益集团在我国发展时间较短,所以目前还存在着利益表达途径不完善,表达方式不规范等问题。这就要求政府必须加强自身的制度建设,建立和完善利益表达机制；建立和完善有效的法律体系,从而规范利益集团的行为,维护社会的稳定。 美国的利益集团在其百余年的发展史中,经历了种种社会的变革、政策的变革,并探索出了适宜利益集团发展的合理的政治制度体系。这些利益集团在美国社会中扮演着重要的角色并影响着公共政策的制定。所以,对比研究美国的利益集团发展规律及其对公共政策的影响对指导我国利益集团均衡发展、维护公共利益、促进社会和谐有着重要的意义。 本文综述了国内外学者对中美两国利益集团影响各自公共政策的研究；分析研究了利益集团与公共政策的概念的发展和变迁,阐述了公共选择相关理论和公共政策的相关理论；通过对比中美两国利益集团产生的政治文化背景论证了利益集团在两个政治体系中影响力不同的原因；通过对比分析现行的两国利益集团影响公共政策的方法,分析该方法在各国不同政治经济体制下所能发挥得作用以及利益集团所扮演的角色。此外,本文从对知识产权和公共利益之间的冲突入手,研究了两国不同知识产权相关利益集团的利益倾向以及对政策的影响方式和影响力,并分析了其相同点和不同点。最后,论文给出了在中国现行制度下规范中国利益集团发展的建议以保护公共利益、维护社会的稳定发展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the establishment and improvement of the market economy system, China is undergoing a transition from a single society to a diversified society. The change of interest pattern brings the diversification of interest groups, and the interest groups which can influence and participate in the policy process are gradually formed. However, because of the short development time of interest groups in China, there are still some problems, such as imperfect ways of expression of interests and non-standard ways of expression. This requires the government to strengthen its own system construction, to establish and improve the mechanism of interest expression, to establish and improve an effective legal system, so as to regulate the behavior of interest groups and maintain social stability. In its development history of more than 100 years, American interest groups have experienced various social changes and policy changes, and have explored a reasonable political system suitable for the development of interest groups. These interests play an important role in American society and influence public policy making. Therefore, a comparative study of the law of interest group development in the United States and its influence on public policy is of great significance in guiding the balanced development of interest groups in China, maintaining the public interest and promoting social harmony. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign scholars' studies on the influence of interest groups in China and the United States on their respective public policies, analyzes the development and changes of the concepts of interest groups and public policies, and expounds the relevant theories of public choice and public policy. By comparing the political and cultural background of interest groups in China and the United States, the paper demonstrates the reasons why interest groups have different influence in the two political systems, and analyzes the methods by which interest groups in the two countries influence public policies. This paper analyzes the role that the method can play in different political and economic systems of various countries and the role of interest groups. In addition, starting with the conflict between intellectual property rights and public interests, this paper studies the interest tendency of different intellectual property rights related interest groups in the two countries, as well as their influence on policies, and analyzes their similarities and differences. Finally, the paper gives some suggestions to regulate the development of Chinese interest groups under the current system in order to protect the public interest and maintain the stable development of society.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D63
本文编号：2137593
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the establishment and improvement of the market economy system, China is undergoing a transition from a single society to a diversified society. The change of interest pattern brings the diversification of interest groups, and the interest groups which can influence and participate in the policy process are gradually formed. However, because of the short development time of interest groups in China, there are still some problems, such as imperfect ways of expression of interests and non-standard ways of expression. This requires the government to strengthen its own system construction, to establish and improve the mechanism of interest expression, to establish and improve an effective legal system, so as to regulate the behavior of interest groups and maintain social stability. In its development history of more than 100 years, American interest groups have experienced various social changes and policy changes, and have explored a reasonable political system suitable for the development of interest groups. These interests play an important role in American society and influence public policy making. Therefore, a comparative study of the law of interest group development in the United States and its influence on public policy is of great significance in guiding the balanced development of interest groups in China, maintaining the public interest and promoting social harmony. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign scholars' studies on the influence of interest groups in China and the United States on their respective public policies, analyzes the development and changes of the concepts of interest groups and public policies, and expounds the relevant theories of public choice and public policy. By comparing the political and cultural background of interest groups in China and the United States, the paper demonstrates the reasons why interest groups have different influence in the two political systems, and analyzes the methods by which interest groups in the two countries influence public policies. This paper analyzes the role that the method can play in different political and economic systems of various countries and the role of interest groups. In addition, starting with the conflict between intellectual property rights and public interests, this paper studies the interest tendency of different intellectual property rights related interest groups in the two countries, as well as their influence on policies, and analyzes their similarities and differences. Finally, the paper gives some suggestions to regulate the development of Chinese interest groups under the current system in order to protect the public interest and maintain the stable development of society.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D63
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 刘丽霞;中国利益集团在公共政策过程中作用与影响研究[D];东北财经大学;2011年
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 慕婧;利益集团影响公共决策实施的行动逻辑[D];兰州大学;2014年
2 董婷婷;利益集团对日本TPP政策的影响分析[D];山东财经大学;2015年
，本文编号：2137593
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