印度第二次“绿色革命”与印度的粮食安全

发布时间：2018-07-25 09:18

【摘要】：印度第二次"绿色革命"是继土地改革、第一次"绿色革命"和市场化改革后开启的新一轮农业改革。这次农业改革是在总结了前几次改革的经验教训、21世纪印度"大国梦"的激发下以及受到国内外农业发展的现实变化影响基础上采取的振兴印度农业的新发展战略,其主要特点在于依靠市场作用的同时,使农业发展回归到政府计划和指导下,通过制定和实施高效的农业发展战略开创出农业发展的新道路,使农业成果惠及所有农民。这次改革在实施过程中面临着与跨国粮食巨头在转基因作物和《与贸易有关的知识产权协议》问题上较量的挑战,也面临着合理地发展生物能源以及克服各种自然和社会问题的挑战,也促使印度农业发展在开放与保护之间探索新的出路。第二次"绿色革命"能否战胜这些挑战,关键在于印度政府能否发挥领导作用,提高行政效率,使农业发展充分利用好信息和技术资源。
[Abstract]:The second "Green Revolution" in India was a new round of agricultural reform after the land reform, the first "green revolution" and the market-oriented reform. This agricultural reform is a new development strategy for revitalizing India's agriculture, which has been inspired by India's "great power dream" in the 21st century and which has been affected by the changes in agricultural development at home and abroad, having summarized the experiences and lessons of previous reforms. Its main characteristic is to rely on the market function at the same time, make the agricultural development return to the government plan and guide, through the formulation and implementation of high-efficient agricultural development strategy to create a new way of agricultural development, so that agricultural results benefit all farmers. In the process of implementing the reform, they are facing the challenge of competing with transnational food giants on the issue of genetically modified crops and the Agreement on Trade-Related aspects of intellectual property Rights (trips). It also faces the challenge of reasonably developing bioenergy and overcoming all kinds of natural and social problems. It also urges India's agricultural development to explore a new way out between opening up and protecting. Whether the second "Green Revolution" can overcome these challenges depends on whether the Indian government can play a leading role, improve administrative efficiency and make full use of information and technology resources for agricultural development.
【作者单位】：南开大学周恩来政府管理学院;
【基金】：韩国高等教育财团KFAS资助ISEF项目
【分类号】：F316.11;F335.1

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