CVT锥盘车磨复合加工数控技术研究
发布时间：2018-08-14 12:26
【摘要】：锥盘是金属带式无级变速器的关键零件，数控立式车磨复合加工中心是生产加工该零件的核心装备。目前市场上此类装备的设计制造被少数发达国家垄断，加快研制具有自主知识产权的CVT锥盘高速精密车磨复合加工中心，实现应用替代进口，对于推进汽车自动变速器国产化，促进产业结构调整和升级具有重要意义。 本文依托国家科技重大专项“数控立式车磨加工中心”开展数控系统方面的研究工作，主要完成工作如下： 1分析金属带式无级变速器结构原理及其关键部件CVT锥盘的结构特征，归纳总结锥盘生产工艺指标和复合加工中心性能技术指标；阐述了机床机械本体结构特点、主要零部件设计及其工作原理，介绍了工件电主轴在车、磨两种加工状态下处于高速旋转及分度定位两种不同工作模式的设计原理；针对CVT锥盘工艺路线制定了详细的机床控制流程，并提出复合加工中心控制系统设计要求。 2研究了开放式数控系统模块式体系结构，从控制系统性能要求、系统可重构性及功能可扩展性等方面进行了构建开放式数控系统的必要性分析；分析开放式数控系统实现途径，结合课题需求，，设计了基于PC+运动控制器结构的开放式数控系统；完成了系统硬件装置选型、伺服系统闭环控制模式分析，通过细分电路设计解决工件电主轴和旋转刀架的精密圆周分度定位问题，并完成机床电气系统主回路和控制回路的设计。 3通过采用一种新型的基于光电开关的寻边定位方法实现对CVT锥盘内孔直线沟道的在线中心位置找正，阐述了该方法具体设计原理并进行了试验验证；通过采用精密位移传感器、专用测量装置实现了锥盘内孔孔径和端面锥度的单工位在线测量功能；研究了运动控制器PID整定原理，并进行了电机伺服特性调试，提高了伺服控制系统的刚性和稳定性。 4采用面向对象软件开发技术，基于.Net平台在Visual Studio开发环境下运用C#程序编程语言进行控制系统软件开发，依据复合加工特点进行了系统软件功能模块规划；研究运动控制器动态链接库调用机理，编程实现了系统软件通讯连接、文件管理、加工状态显示等主要功能，完成了友好人机界面的开发设计工作。
[Abstract]:Conical disc is the key part of the metal belt CVT, and the NC vertical grinding complex machining center is the core equipment for the production and processing of this part. At present, the design and manufacture of this kind of equipment in the market is monopolized by a few developed countries, so as to speed up the development of the CVT conical disc high-speed precision grinding complex machining center with independent intellectual property rights, and to realize the application of substitute import, so as to promote the localization of auto automatic transmission. Promote industrial structure adjustment and upgrade have important meaning. This paper relies on the national science and technology major project "CNC Vertical Grinding Machining Center" to carry out the research work of NC system. The main work is as follows: 1. Analyze the structure principle of metal belt stepless transmission and the structural characteristics of the key component of CVT cone disc, summarize the production technology index of conical disc and the performance index of compound machining center; This paper expounds the structural characteristics of machine tool mechanical body, the design of main parts and its working principle, and introduces the design principles of two different working modes of workpiece motorized spindle in high speed rotation and indexing position under two kinds of machining states: car and mill. According to the process route of CVT conical disk, the control flow of machine tool is worked out in detail, and the design requirements of control system of compound machining center are put forward. 2 the modular architecture of open NC system is studied, and the performance requirement of control system is discussed. The necessity of constructing open CNC system is analyzed in the aspects of reconfiguration and function expansibility, and the way of realizing open numerical control system is analyzed. The open CNC system based on PC motion controller structure is designed, and the hardware selection of the system and the closed-loop control mode analysis of servo system are completed. The problem of precise circumferential indexing of workpiece motorized spindle and rotary tool holder is solved by subdivision circuit design. The design of the main circuit and the control loop of the electrical system of the machine tool is completed. 3. By adopting a new method of edge finding and locating based on the photoelectric switch, the on-line center position of the straight line channel of the hole in the CVT conical disk is corrected. The design principle of the method is described, and the experiment is carried out, and through the use of precision displacement sensor and special measuring device, the on-line measurement function of the hole aperture and the taper of the end surface of the cone disc is realized. The principle of PID tuning of motion controller is studied, and the servo characteristic of motor is debugged to improve the rigidity and stability of servo control system. Based on .net platform, the control system software is developed with C # programming language under the Visual Studio development environment, and the function module planning of the system software is carried out according to the characteristics of compound machining, and the mechanism of dynamic link library transfer of motion controller is studied. The main functions of the system, such as communication connection, file management, processing state display and so on, are realized by programming, and the development and design of friendly man-machine interface are completed.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TG659
本文编号：2182858
[Abstract]:Conical disc is the key part of the metal belt CVT, and the NC vertical grinding complex machining center is the core equipment for the production and processing of this part. At present, the design and manufacture of this kind of equipment in the market is monopolized by a few developed countries, so as to speed up the development of the CVT conical disc high-speed precision grinding complex machining center with independent intellectual property rights, and to realize the application of substitute import, so as to promote the localization of auto automatic transmission. Promote industrial structure adjustment and upgrade have important meaning. This paper relies on the national science and technology major project "CNC Vertical Grinding Machining Center" to carry out the research work of NC system. The main work is as follows: 1. Analyze the structure principle of metal belt stepless transmission and the structural characteristics of the key component of CVT cone disc, summarize the production technology index of conical disc and the performance index of compound machining center; This paper expounds the structural characteristics of machine tool mechanical body, the design of main parts and its working principle, and introduces the design principles of two different working modes of workpiece motorized spindle in high speed rotation and indexing position under two kinds of machining states: car and mill. According to the process route of CVT conical disk, the control flow of machine tool is worked out in detail, and the design requirements of control system of compound machining center are put forward. 2 the modular architecture of open NC system is studied, and the performance requirement of control system is discussed. The necessity of constructing open CNC system is analyzed in the aspects of reconfiguration and function expansibility, and the way of realizing open numerical control system is analyzed. The open CNC system based on PC motion controller structure is designed, and the hardware selection of the system and the closed-loop control mode analysis of servo system are completed. The problem of precise circumferential indexing of workpiece motorized spindle and rotary tool holder is solved by subdivision circuit design. The design of the main circuit and the control loop of the electrical system of the machine tool is completed. 3. By adopting a new method of edge finding and locating based on the photoelectric switch, the on-line center position of the straight line channel of the hole in the CVT conical disk is corrected. The design principle of the method is described, and the experiment is carried out, and through the use of precision displacement sensor and special measuring device, the on-line measurement function of the hole aperture and the taper of the end surface of the cone disc is realized. The principle of PID tuning of motion controller is studied, and the servo characteristic of motor is debugged to improve the rigidity and stability of servo control system. Based on .net platform, the control system software is developed with C # programming language under the Visual Studio development environment, and the function module planning of the system software is carried out according to the characteristics of compound machining, and the mechanism of dynamic link library transfer of motion controller is studied. The main functions of the system, such as communication connection, file management, processing state display and so on, are realized by programming, and the development and design of friendly man-machine interface are completed.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TG659
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