一种用于血氧测量和肝储备功能分析的脉搏分光光度计

发布时间：2018-10-24 10:47

【摘要】：血氧饱和度是反映人体血液中所含氧量的重要指标，对于一些因疾病或各种原因引起供氧不足的人群来说，在临床诊断中进行血氧饱和度的实时监测是非常有必要的。目前临床上一般使用脉搏血氧饱和度测量仪来进行血氧饱和度的检测。肝储备功能是人体肝脏细胞最大功能的总和，在肝脏手术前进行肝储备功能的分析，可以有效的对手术风险提前预估，降低手术死亡率。临床上普遍采用吲哚氰绿指示剂（ICG）清除排泄试验来评估肝储备功能。目前大多采用人工定时采血法，该方法费时有创，给患者带来了身心的伤害，同时医务人员在操作过程中也存在被感染的危险。日本生产的肝功能分析仪DDG-3300K是目前世界上开展无创ICG清除排泄试验的唯一设备，但其高昂的售价短时间内很难在国内医疗单位得到广泛应用。因此对于我国这样的肝病大国，研制具有自主知识产权的无创连续肝储备功能分析仪器显得尤为重要。基于上述问题，本文在系统的分析脉搏分光光度法的基础上，研制了一种可用于无创连续血氧饱和度测量以及肝储备功能分析的脉搏分光光度计。本文主要研究内容包括以下三个方面： 1．以Lambert-Beer定律为基础建立了人体脉搏分光光度模型，并研究了基于该模型的血氧饱和度测量方法和肝储备功能分析方法，建立了相应的数学原理计算模型。 2．在原理研究的基础上，，研制了脉搏分光光度计的原理样机，整个原理样机的硬件系统包括测量单元和外围模块单元两大部分，测量单元负责将光电容积脉搏波信号完整有效的送入主控制器的采样单元。外围模块单元将测量单元获得的光电容积脉搏波信号数据进行存储，并传至上位机进行计算分析。其中数据存储单元设计采用了基于FAT16文件系统的SD卡存储模块。 3.将研制的原理样机分别与美国Covidien公司生产的Nellcor脉搏血氧仪N560和日本光电公司生产的DDG-3300K肝功能分析仪进行了实验结果对比，证明了本原理样机对血氧饱和度测量和肝储备功能分析的准确性、可靠性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Oxygen saturation is an important index to reflect the oxygen content in human blood. It is necessary to monitor the oxygen saturation in real time in clinical diagnosis for some people who lack oxygen due to disease or various reasons. At present, pulse oxygen saturation meter is commonly used to detect oxygen saturation in clinic. Liver reserve function is the sum of the largest function of human liver cells. The analysis of liver reserve function before liver operation can effectively predict the risk of operation and reduce the operative mortality. Indocyanine green indicator (ICG) clearance and excretion test is widely used to evaluate liver reserve function. At present, artificial timing blood collection method is mostly used, this method is time-consuming and invasive, which brings physical and mental injury to the patients, and the medical staff also have the risk of infection in the process of operation. DDG-3300K, a Japanese-made liver function analyzer, is the only equipment in the world to carry out non-invasive ICG clearance and excretion test, but its high price is difficult to be widely used in domestic medical units in a short period of time. Therefore, it is very important to develop a noninvasive continuous liver reserve analysis instrument with independent intellectual property rights for a large liver disease country such as China. Based on the systematic analysis of pulse spectrophotometry, a pulse spectrophotometer which can be used for noninvasive continuous oxygen saturation measurement and liver reserve function analysis is developed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. Based on Lambert-Beer 's law, a human pulse spectrophotometric model is established, and the blood oxygen saturation measurement method and liver reserve function analysis method based on the model are studied. Based on the research of the principle, the prototype of pulse spectrophotometer is developed. The hardware system of the whole prototype consists of two parts: the measuring unit and the peripheral module unit. The measuring unit is responsible for sending the photoelectric volumetric pulse wave signal into the sampling unit of the main controller completely and effectively. The peripheral module stores the photoelectric volume pulse wave data obtained by the measuring unit and transmits them to the upper computer for calculation and analysis. The design of data storage unit adopts SD card storage module based on FAT16 file system. 3. The experimental results were compared with the Nellcor pulse oximeter N560 produced by Covidien Company and the DDG-3300K liver function Analyzer made by Japan Optoelectronic Company. The accuracy, reliability and validity of the prototype for measuring oxygen saturation of blood and analysis of liver reserve function are proved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH773

【参考文献】