生物能源的专利法问题研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 21:12

【摘要】：目前的能源供应和消费趋势在经济、环境和社会方面已无法持续，如不采取果断行动，二氧化碳排放到2050年将增加一倍以上，而且石油需求增加将加剧能源安全问题和气候变化。生物能源利用来自农业秸秆、林业废弃物、生活垃圾污水、禽畜粪便产生能量用于人类的生产生活，地球生物质产量巨大，且人类已经拥有数千年传统生物质能利用历史，生物能源属于未来清洁、可持续供应的能源保障。本文第一章主要介绍了当前人类能源需求情况、能源消耗结构，新能源如太阳能、风能、地热能技术的发展。进而引出生物能源的概念，以及现在人类转向生物能源的必要性。在传统利用生物质能方式以外，现代更为清洁、高效利用生物能源的方式，以及相关技术的发展。第二章主要介绍美国、欧盟、日本、印度、巴西，我国在生物能源利用，如何应对能源问题和开发生物能源。作为世界只提供乙醇汽油的国家在生物质能发展的政策、技术创新和趋势。第三章主要介绍了生物能源发展对粮食安全的影响，在专利申请和授权时考虑公序良俗原则，提高专利的实用性标准。第四章介绍如何设定专利法律、生物质能政策上，，应对全球气候变化，知识产权尤其是专利对技术发展的即存在促进作用也存在阻碍创新的可能，专利制度的设立是为了保护创造发明和激励人类不断创新。
[Abstract]:Current energy supply and consumption trends are unsustainable economically, environmentally and socially, and without decisive action, carbon dioxide emissions will more than double by 2050, And increased oil demand will exacerbate energy security and climate change. Bioenergy use comes from agricultural straw, forestry waste, domestic waste water, livestock manure, energy for human production and life, the earth biomass production is huge, and mankind has thousands of years of traditional biomass energy use history, Bioenergy belongs to the future clean, sustainable supply of energy security. The first chapter mainly introduces the current situation of human energy demand, energy consumption structure, new energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal energy technology development. Then leads to the concept of bioenergy, and now the necessity of human to bioenergy. In addition to the traditional use of biomass energy, modern cleaner, more efficient use of bioenergy, as well as the development of related technologies. The second chapter mainly introduces the United States, the European Union, Japan, India, Brazil, China in bioenergy utilization, how to deal with energy problems and the development of bioenergy. As the world's only provider of ethanol gasoline, countries in biomass energy development policies, technological innovations and trends. The third chapter mainly introduces the effect of bioenergy development on food security, considers the principle of public order and good custom in patent application and authorization, and improves the practical standard of patent. The fourth chapter introduces how to set up patent law, biomass energy policy, to deal with global climate change, intellectual property rights, especially patents, which not only promote the development of technology, but also hinder innovation. The patent system was established to protect invention and encourage human innovation.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.42

【参考文献】