知识产权犯罪中的“数额”研究

发布时间：2018-11-07 15:38

【摘要】：数额作为知识产权犯罪的客观构成要件，是认定犯罪的核心要素。随着知识产权犯罪的日益严重，我国加强了对侵犯知识产权犯罪行为的打击。如何对知识产权犯罪行为进行准确的定罪量刑，无疑是打击该类犯罪的关键。在知识产权犯罪中，“数额”不仅贯穿于其认定的始终，而且是犯罪社会危害性的直接体现，也是区分罪与非罪的核心标志以及区分罪责轻重的主要根据。据此，知识产权犯罪的“数额”进行深入系统研究，具有重要的理论和实践意义。全文分为如下四个部分：第一部分“知识产权犯罪之基本问题”，主要是梳理知识产权犯罪的概念、特点和立法等基本问题，以为后文研究提供逻辑起点。其中，认为知识产权犯罪，作为一个集合概念，是指行为人违反了管理知识产权的相关法律法规的规定，侵犯刑法所保护的知识产权，破坏知识产权管理秩序，并且情节恶劣的行为。它具有数量多、地域分布广、多为共同犯罪、主体复杂等特点。对于如此犯罪，在立法上，我国97刑法对其进行了集中式的专节立法，相关的司法解释使刑法分则的规定具体化。第二部分“知识产权犯罪‘数额’之概述”，该部分主要对数额的概念、形式和意义进行分析。本文认为犯罪数额是一个数量的概念，指的是侵犯知识产权的行为所针对的目标的损失数目或其侵犯行为所引起的危害的数目，包括直接或间接的由侵犯行为所引起的损失或危害，具体形式包括销售金额、非法经营数额、违法所得数额、损失数额等。分析过程中强调，数额不仅是区分罪与非罪的核心标志，而且是区分罪责轻重的主要根据。第三部分“知识产权犯罪‘数额’认定之争议”，主要阐述知识产权犯罪数额认定中的未遂、累犯、共犯和单位认定的各个具体争议。其中认为纯正的数额犯不存在未遂、不纯正的数额犯存在未遂；数额的累计应注意次数、时间、首次的限制；共犯的数额认定，应采用总体金额说，但不绝对排除其他认定方式；共同犯罪入罪标准的选择，应当根据主犯而定，适用主犯的标准等。第四部分“知识产权犯罪‘数额’立法之完善”,主要针对现行知识产权犯罪的数额规定的缺陷，从宏观的角度，提出完善立法的建议。首先，针对数额形式过于复杂化，，认为数额的称谓应该规范化，将杂乱无章的数额概念集中规定为一种或两种；其次，数额标准应当明确化，明确相关数额的计算方法、标准等；最后，数额立法应当统一化，一般情况下，二者出现冲突，应当以刑法规定为准，若经过理论界和实务界的论证，刑法规定确有疏漏，则以司法解释为补充。
[Abstract]:As an objective component of intellectual property crime, amount is the core element of crime. With the increasingly serious crime of intellectual property, our country has strengthened the attack on the crime of infringing intellectual property. How to accurately convict and sentence intellectual property crimes is undoubtedly the key to crack down on such crimes. In the crime of intellectual property rights, "amount" not only runs through its cognizance, but also directly reflects the social harmfulness of crime, and is also the core symbol of distinguishing crime from non-crime and the main basis for distinguishing the severity of crime. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to conduct a deep and systematic study on the amount of intellectual property crimes. The full text is divided into four parts as follows: the first part "basic problems of intellectual property crimes", mainly combing the concept, characteristics and legislation of intellectual property crimes, to provide a logical starting point for the later study. Among them, it is considered that the crime of intellectual property, as a collective concept, refers to the perpetrator violating the provisions of relevant laws and regulations governing intellectual property rights, violating the intellectual property rights protected by the criminal law, and undermining the order of intellectual property management. And an abominable act. It has many characteristics, such as large quantity, wide geographical distribution, common crime and complex subject. For such a crime, our country 97 criminal law has carried on the centralized special section legislation in the legislation, the related judicial explanation makes the criminal law subclause stipulation concrete. The second part is an overview of the amount of intellectual property crime, which mainly analyzes the concept, form and significance of the amount. This article considers the amount of crime to be a concept of quantity, which refers to the number of losses or the number of harm caused by the violation of intellectual property rights against the target. Including direct or indirect loss or harm caused by the violation, including the amount of sales, the amount of illegal business, the amount of illegal income, the amount of loss, etc. In the process of analysis, it is emphasized that the amount is not only the core symbol of the distinction between crime and non-crime, but also the main basis for distinguishing the seriousness of crime. The third part, "the dispute of the amount of intellectual property crime", mainly expounds the specific disputes of attempted, recidivist, accomplice and unit cognizance of the amount of intellectual property crime. It is considered that there is no attempt in the pure amount crime, and no attempt exists in the unpure amount crime, and the accumulative amount of the amount should be paid attention to the number of times, the time, the first time limit; The determination of the amount of accomplice should be based on the total amount of money, but not the absolute exclusion of other means of determination; the selection of the standard for the conviction of joint crime should be determined according to the principal offender, and the standard of the principal offender should be applied, etc. The fourth part, "the perfection of the legislation on the amount of intellectual property crime", mainly aims at the defects of the amount regulation of the current intellectual property crime, and puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the legislation from the macro point of view. Firstly, aiming at the complexity of the amount form, we think that the appellation of the amount should be standardized, and the concept of disorderly amount should be defined as one or two. Secondly, the standard of the amount should be made clear, and the calculation method and standard of the relevant amount should be clarified. Finally, the amount legislation should be unified, generally, the conflict between the two should be based on the provisions of the criminal law, if the theoretical and practical circles of argument, the provisions of the criminal law are indeed omissions, then the judicial interpretation as a supplement.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D924.11

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