论权利不得滥用原则在知识产权领域的适用

发布时间：2019-04-04 20:19

【摘要】：这是一个知识经济和经济全球化的时代，知识产权被用作贸易竞争手段的巨大威力已为人所见证，人们对知识产权的关注也从“保护”到“保护与滥用”并重。然而，目前针对知识产权滥用的法律规定只有《反垄断法》，学者们也多是从反垄断法的角度来分析知识产权的滥用。这种认识具有局限性，违反反垄断法只不过是知识产权滥用的一种类型，而非惟一。本文试图跳出反垄断法，以知识产权是民事权利为基点，将权利不得滥用原则引入知识产权领域，界定知识产权滥用的内涵、分析了知识产权滥用的要件、类型及法律规制方法，最后针对我国法律的现状提出了法律建议。本文的结构分为五个部分。第一部分是问题的提出，引出了知识产权滥用的问题、研究意义及研究路径。第二部分是权利不得滥用原则的基础理论研究。第三部分是权利不得滥用之证成。首先说明多数人从反垄断角度来阐述知识产权滥用问题，后指出这种观点的局限性，并基于知识产权是民事权利，继而将知识产权置于权利不得滥用原则之下分析并用案例佐证。第四部分是通过权利不得滥用原则对知识产权滥用的规制。这部分主要介绍了权利不得滥用原则的内涵、历史，随后阐述绝对权、相对权分类直接影响了知识产权滥用三种类型的形成，即：一是知识产权作为绝对权行使，侵害他人利益；二是知识产权人通过合同授予他人相对权来行使，利用优势并对另一方当事人施加不正当影响；三是知识产权人通过合同授予他人相对权来行使，损害了公共利益。在如何判定“滥用”的标准上，本文采纳“不顾权利目的说”，认为权利的设置都具有社会目的，或表现为他人的利益，或表现为社会利益，用目的来去界定权利正当行使和滥用的界限是清晰，另外辅以“过错原则”和“损害”即可完成对权利滥用的责任认定。将上述原理应用到知识产权领域，提出了知识产权滥用的要件、类型、规制方式。第五部分是结论。针对现行《反垄断法》规定对知识产权滥用的不足，提出两点建议：（1）将知识产权不得滥用原则列为民法中的权利不得滥用原则的下位法原则，并在具体法规中开宗明义的宣示：禁止专利权滥用，禁止著作权滥用、禁止商标权滥用和禁止技术秘密权滥用等。（2）颁布司法解释，明确知识产权不得滥用的构成要件，将知识产权滥用行为类型化，采用不同法律方式规制。
[Abstract]:This is an era of knowledge economy and economic globalization, intellectual property rights have been witnessed as a means of trade competition, people pay attention to intellectual property rights from "protection" to "protection and abuse". However, at present, there are only Anti-Monopoly Law for the abuse of intellectual property. Scholars also analyze the abuse of intellectual property from the perspective of Anti-monopoly Law. This recognition has limitations, and the violation of antitrust law is only one type of intellectual property abuse, not the only one. This paper attempts to break out of antitrust law and introduce the principle of non-abuse of rights into the field of intellectual property rights based on the fact that intellectual property rights are civil rights, define the connotation of abuse of intellectual property rights, and analyze the elements of abuse of intellectual property rights. Types and legal regulation methods, finally, according to the current legal situation of our country put forward legal suggestions. The structure of this paper is divided into five parts. The first part is the problem of intellectual property abuse, the significance of the research and the research path. The second part is the basic theory research of the principle of non-abuse of rights. The third part is the proof that the right should not be abused. First, it is explained that most people elaborate on the abuse of intellectual property from the perspective of anti-monopoly, and then points out the limitations of this view, and based on the fact that intellectual property is a civil right, Intellectual property rights are then placed under the principle of non-abuse of rights and analyzed and corroborated by cases. The fourth part is the regulation of the abuse of intellectual property rights through the principle of non-abuse of rights. This part mainly introduces the connotation and history of the principle of non-abuse of rights, then expounds the absolute rights and the classification of relative rights directly affects the formation of three types of abuse of intellectual property rights, namely: first, the exercise of intellectual property rights as absolute rights; Infringe on the interests of others; The other is that the intellectual property right person exercises the relative right through the contract, makes use of the advantage and exerts improper influence on the other party; the third is that the intellectual property right person exercises the relative right through the contract award to others, which damages the public interest. On the criterion of how to judge "abuse", this article adopts the theory of "disregard for the purpose of right", and thinks that the setting of right has social purpose, either as the interests of others, or as social interests. It is clear to define the boundary between the proper exercise and abuse of the right with the purpose. In addition, "fault principle" and "damage" can be used to determine the responsibility for the abuse of the right. Applying the above principles to the field of intellectual property rights, this paper puts forward the elements, types and regulations of abuse of intellectual property rights. The fifth part is the conclusion. In view of the deficiency of the provisions of the current Anti-monopoly Law on the abuse of intellectual property rights, two suggestions are put forward: (1) the principle of non-abuse of intellectual property rights is listed as the principle of subordinate law of the principle of non-abuse of rights in civil law. And in the specific laws and regulations, it is stated that the abuse of patent right, copyright abuse, trademark right abuse and technology secret right abuse are prohibited. (2) the judicial interpretation is promulgated to clarify the constituent elements of the prohibition of abuse of intellectual property rights. The abuse of intellectual property rights will be typed and regulated by different legal methods.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.4;D922.294

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