论专利强制许可制度中对专利权人的保护

发布时间：2019-06-21 13:52

【摘要】：专利制度是知识产权的重要组成部分，有利于科技进步和经济的发展，越来越受到国际社会和各国政府高度重视。设计专利制度主要为了保护专利权人的合法权益，促进其发明创造的积极性，鼓励专利权人将专利技术应用于市场生产，提高国家发明创造的能力，对科技的进步和经济的发展起到积极的推动作用。专利权人获得了专利所有权在某一行业形成垄断。然而，有时公众获得有关专利产品的利益比专利权人享有专有权更加重要。因此，为了保证专利权人合理运用专利垄断权，维护社会公众利益，各国在立法上授予发明者以专利权，同时又规定以强制许可制度来限制专利权。强制许可制度在各国的司法实践中的案例并不常见，究其原因有二：一是各国为了激励专利权人创造出更多的新发明，在应用强制许可制度时都持有谨慎态度；二是国内外专利法在强制许可制度的规定上都存在着许多模糊概念，有些条款操作性不强。因此，在实践中很难准确把握。本文主要从对专利权人保护的角度探讨强制许可制度的不足之处并提出完善的具体思路。本文首先针对专利强制许可制度中对专利权人保护的合理性进行分析。文中从保护的必要性和可行性两个方面具体论述。在必要性分析方面，主要从利益平衡需要、鼓励创新、财产权保护、法律经济学几个方面详细论述；在可行性方面，主要从国际环境、法律依据、司法实践和市场需求几个方面具体分析；然后具体分析我国在专利强制许可制度中对专利权人保护的现状，主要从立法和实践两个方面分析我国在强制许可制度中对专利权人保护的不足；最后针对本文所述我国在对专利权人保护方面出现的问题提出完善意见。
[Abstract]:Patent system is an important part of intellectual property rights, which is conducive to scientific and technological progress and economic development, and has been paid more and more attention by the international community and governments. The design of patent system is mainly to protect the legitimate rights and interests of patentees, promote their enthusiasm for invention and creation, encourage franchisees to apply patented technology to market production, improve the ability of national invention and creation, and play a positive role in promoting the progress of science and technology and the development of economy. The patentee obtains the patent ownership to form a monopoly in a certain industry. However, sometimes public access to the patented product is more important than the exclusive right of the patentee. Therefore, in order to ensure the patentee to make reasonable use of the patent monopoly right and safeguard the public interest, the countries grant the inventor patent right in legislation, and at the same time stipulate the compulsory license system to limit the patent right. The cases of compulsory licensing system in the judicial practice of various countries are not common, there are two reasons: first, in order to encourage franchisees to create more new inventions, countries are cautious in the application of compulsory licensing system; second, there are many vague concepts in the provisions of compulsory licensing system in patent law at home and abroad, and some provisions are not operational. Therefore, it is difficult to grasp accurately in practice. This paper mainly discusses the shortcomings of the compulsory licensing system from the perspective of patentee protection and puts forward some concrete ideas. This paper first analyzes the rationality of patentee protection in the compulsory patent licensing system. In this paper, the necessity and feasibility of protection are discussed in detail. In the aspect of necessity analysis, it is mainly discussed in detail from the aspects of balance of interests, encouragement of innovation, protection of property rights, legal economics, feasibility, mainly from the aspects of international environment, legal basis, judicial practice and market demand. Then it analyzes the present situation of patentee protection in patent compulsory license system in our country, mainly analyzes the deficiency of patentee protection in compulsory license system in our country from two aspects of legislation and practice, and finally puts forward some suggestions for perfecting the problems in the protection of patentee in our country.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923.42

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