大地震后日本电子企业战略调整

发布时间：2019-07-09 15:02

【摘要】：2011年3月11日，日本发生东北部大地震。日本在全球产业链的众多环节中属于关键一环，地震不仅对日本产业链产生破坏，也对全球产业链产生负面影响。以“产业立国”的日本，在持续性研发新产品、新技术方面，长期居于世界领先地位。日本是全球主要电子产品生产国，，世界主要电子工厂的供应商，高科技电子是日本重要支柱产业。虽然在产业转移过程中，日本将许多科技产品制造业进行转移，但技术含量高的产品，如电子元器件、原材料等，其核心技术仍掌握在日本企业手中。日本企业由于掌控着核心技术和原材料，影响了全球电子产品的供应和产业链。由于停产和电力短缺的影响，造成生产能力下降，部品供应中断，产业链断裂。虽然一些日本电子企业陆续恢复生产，但还是对日本及中国乃至全球的电子产业造成了严重影响和巨大冲击。致使供货中断，产品涨价，对电子产品的产业链损害严重。本文在日本311大地震这一大背景下，以日本电子产业链为切入点，分析此次地震对日本经济的影响，并对日本跨国公司国际战略做分析。日本长期以来面临着劳动成本升高、货币升值、老龄化、法人税过高和关税壁垒等问题，阻碍日本经济的复苏。地震后，在短期内又增加了电力供应不足、核危机等问题，断裂的产业链也需要较长时间的修复。并且，产业链海外转移造成日本国内对产业空洞化的又一次讨论，在依靠海外工厂获得成本优势和本土化的前提下，如何保证日本国内控制核心技术以及核心工厂的稳定生产，成为不易权衡的矛盾。不论日本经济发展处于何种矛盾之中，这些状况对于我国经济的发展有着极其重要的借鉴作用。不论是在产业政策的调整、跨国公司的崛起，还是全球产业链的衔接与安全上，在保证自主知识产权的前提下，如何做到各方权衡，又能避免走日本曾经错误的道路，值得我们深思。
文内图片：

图片说明： 1日本电子产业链的传导
[Abstract]:On 11 March 2011, there was a large earthquake in the north-east of Japan. Japan is a key link in many links of the global industrial chain, and the earthquake not only damages the Japanese industrial chain, but also has a negative impact on the global industrial chain. In the "industry standing country" of Japan, in the continuous R & D of new products, new technology, long-term in the world leadership. Japan is the world's leading electronic product producer, the world's main electronic factory supplier, high-tech electronics is the major pillar industry in Japan. Although in the process of industrial transfer, Japan has transferred many scientific and technological products, but high-tech products, such as electronic components, raw materials, etc., are still in the hands of Japanese enterprises. As a result of the control of core technology and raw materials, Japanese enterprises have affected the supply and industry chain of global electronic products. The production capacity is reduced, the supply of components is interrupted and the industrial chain is broken due to the effect of the production and power shortage. Although some Japanese electronic companies have resumed their production, they have had a serious impact on the electronics industry in Japan and China and even the world. The supply is interrupted, the price of the product is increased, and the industrial chain of the electronic product is seriously damaged. This paper, under the background of Japan's 311 large earthquake, analyzes the impact of the earthquake on Japan's economy by taking the electronic industry chain of Japan as the starting point, and points out the international strategy of Japan's transnational corporations In Japan, Japan has long been faced with the problems of rising labor cost, rising of currency, aging, high tax of legal persons, high taxes, and the like, and hindering the complex of Japan's economy. Su. After the earthquake, the shortage of electricity supply and the nuclear crisis are increased in the short term, and the broken industrial chain also needs to be repaired for a long time. In addition, the overseas transfer of the industrial chain has led to a further discussion of the industry-hollowing in Japan, and on the premise of relying on the overseas factories to obtain the cost advantage and the localization, how to guarantee the domestic control core technology of Japan and the stable production of the core factory become the spears that are not easy to trade off The situation is very important for the development of China's economy, regardless of the contradictions in the economic development of Japan. With the adjustment of industrial policy, the rise of transnational corporations, and the connection and security of the global industrial chain, on the premise of ensuring the independent intellectual property, how to make the trade-off between the parties and avoid the wrong way in Japan is worthy of our deep
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F416.63;F431.3

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