明清两湖水域产权形态的变迁

发布时间：2017-12-31 15:03

本文关键词：明清两湖水域产权形态的变迁　出处：《中国经济史研究》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：元末明初,两湖地区的水域因河泊所的设置而确立了渔户的捕捞权,随着明中期之后垸田修筑活动的逐渐兴盛,促进了人们占有水域的意识,并在水域上衍生出灌溉权、湖草收益权等新的权益形态。日后更由于商品经济的发展,水面上的通行权、摆渡权,以及因莲藕、菱芡、芦苇等经济作物种植而出现的湖地所有权等权益形态得以产生并不断明晰。两湖地区的例子说明:水域上产权的获得是国家赋役制度运行的结果,必须在制度史背景下考虑产权形成过程中的国家因素,才能更为准确地把握中国的产权问题;导致该地区水域产权变化的因素,既有其自身的历史发展驱动,也有来自长江下游等其他地区的影响,这是长江流域日益整合的表现和结果。
[Abstract]:In the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, the fishing rights of fishermen were established in the waters of the two lakes because of the establishment of river berths. With the gradual prosperity of the construction activities of embankment fields in the middle of Ming Dynasty, the consciousness of people occupying the waters was promoted. In the future, due to the development of commodity economy, the right of passage on the water, the right to ferry, as well as the lotus root, the Euryale cornale. The forms of ownership of lake land, such as the ownership of lake land, emerged and became clear because of the planting of cash crops such as Reed. The examples of the two lakes show that the acquisition of property right in the water area is the result of the operation of the national system of taxation and servitude. We must consider the national factors in the process of property right formation under the background of institutional history, so that we can grasp the property right problem of China more accurately. The factors leading to the change of water property rights in this area are not only driven by its own historical development, but also influenced by other areas, such as the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This is the manifestation and result of the increasing integration of the Yangtze River Basin.
【作者单位】：武汉大学历史学院;
【基金】：香港特别行政区大学教育资助委员会卓越学科领域计划(第五轮)“中国社会的历史人类学”(批准号:AoE/H—01/08) 国家社会科学基金一般项目“明清湖北河湖水域上的制度与社会研究”(批准号:16BZS026)阶段性成果之一
【分类号】：F426.91;TV213.4
【正文快照】： (1)参见李埏、武建国主编《中国古代土地国有制史》,昆明:云南人民出版社1997年版,第150—153页。(2)唐长孺:《南朝的屯、邸、别墅及山泽占领》,《唐长孺文存》,上海古籍出版社2006年版,第262—286页。(3)[清]顾炎武:《天下郡国利病书》,《顾炎武全集》第16册,上海古籍出版社2

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