融入全球价值链对中国工业行业技术进步的综合影响

发布时间：2018-02-16 16:27

本文关键词： 全球价值链垂直专业化全要素生产率技术进步　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球价值链革命改变了传统的贸易模式,引起了贸易发展链、贸易竞争链和贸易治理等方面的变革。跨越边境成为二十一世纪全球化的主要特征,国际商业行为覆盖了产品、服务、专门技术、投资、培训、思想以及人才的跨界流动等各个方面。全球价值链重新定义了比较优势,发展中国家既可以通过融入全价值链来推动本国的技术进步和产业升级,又面临着在国际垂直生产分工中陷入“低端锁定”陷阱风险。改革开放为中国打开了拥抱世界的大门,得益于丰富低廉的劳动力资源以及相对完善的产业配套和加工装配能力,中国企业积极融入全球价值链分工,“中国制造”为世界各国提供物美价廉的优质产品,近年来,随着中国经济的快速发展,“世界工厂”正在逐步向制造业大国迈进。然而,中国企业在全球价值链分工体系中的地位是否已经得到有效改善,获取增加值的能力有没有提高,怎样进一步转型升级?对这些问题还需要深入研究。在此背景下,本文对中国主要工业行业参与全球价值链分工的技术进步效应进行实证研究。第1章,首先对全球价值链的相关理论以及测度方法的进行了文献梳理,之后重点介绍了国内外学者对于全球价值链技术进步效应的两种不同的观点。第2章,从理论层面分析了全球价值链分工对技术进步的影响机理以及主要途径,总结了影响全球价值链分工技术溢出效应的行业异质性因素。第3章,利用投入产出表测算了中国主要工业行业1999-2014年垂直专业化和全要素生产率指标,测算结果显示中国主要工业行业的垂直专业化指数均呈现上升趋势,各行业的全要素生产率增长平稳,行业间增长率差异不大,发展较为均衡。第4章,通过构建中国工业行业在全球价值链中的分工地位对技术进步效应的影响模型,考察了融入全球价值链对工业行业技术进步的综合影响,实证分析结果显示,中国工业行业在全球价值链中的分工地位对技术进步的影响呈现出先升后降的倒U型关系。此外,行业特征因素对技术溢出效果有显著影响。全球价值链背景下,研发强度、产权制度、出口密度对技术进步的影响为负,行业规模、技术水平对技术进步的影响为正。第5章,结合实证分析结果,分别对中国工业行业在全球价值链中的分工地位和行业特征因素提出了相关的政策建议,以求在参与全球生产分工的过程中扬长避短,尽可能地发挥全球价值链分工带来的积极影响,消除可能带来的不利影响。
[Abstract]:The revolution in global value chains changed the traditional trade model and led to changes in trade development chains, trade competition chains and trade governance. In 21th century, crossing borders became a major feature of globalization, and international business practices covered products. Services, know-how, investment, training, ideas and cross-border mobility of people. GVCs redefine comparative advantages, Developing countries can not only promote their technological progress and industrial upgrading through integration into the whole value chain, but also face the risk of falling into the trap of "low end locking" in the international vertical division of production. Reform and opening up have opened the door for China to embrace the world. Thanks to abundant cheap labor resources and relatively perfect industrial matching and assembly capabilities, Chinese enterprises have actively integrated into the global value chain division of labor, "made in China" to provide high-quality products at low prices to countries around the world, and in recent years, With the rapid development of China's economy, the "world factory" is gradually developing into a large manufacturing country. However, has the position of Chinese enterprises in the global value chain system been effectively improved, and the ability to obtain added value has been improved? How to further transform and upgrade? In this context, this paper makes an empirical study on the technological progress effect of China's major industrial industries participating in the division of labor in global value chains. Firstly, the relevant theories and measurement methods of global value chain are reviewed, and then two different viewpoints of scholars at home and abroad on the technological progress effect of global value chain are introduced. In this paper, the influence mechanism and main ways of global value chain division on technological progress are analyzed theoretically, and the industry heterogeneity factors influencing technology spillover effect of global value chain division are summarized. The vertical specialization index and total factor productivity index of major industrial industries in China from 1999 to 2014 are calculated by using the input-output table. The results show that the vertical specialization indices of the major industrial industries in China are on the rise. The growth rate of total factor productivity of different industries is stable, the growth rate of different industries is not different, and the development is more balanced. Chapter 4, by constructing the model of the influence of the position of division of labor in the global value chain of China's industrial industry on the technological progress effect, This paper investigates the comprehensive influence of integration into global value chain on the technological progress of industrial industry. The empirical results show that the position of division of labor in the global value chain of Chinese industry has a reverse U-type relationship of first rising and then descending. Under the background of global value chain, the impact of R & D intensity, property right system and export density on technological progress is negative, and the impact of industry scale and technology level on technological progress is positive. Combined with the results of empirical analysis, this paper puts forward relevant policy recommendations on the division of labor status and industry characteristics of China's industrial industries in the global value chain, in order to promote strengths and circumvent weaknesses in the process of participating in the global division of production. To maximize the positive impact of the division of labour in global value chains and eliminate possible adverse effects.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424.3

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