民营企业创始人的离任权力交接与企业成长——基于美的集团的案例研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 21:15

本文选题：专用性资产 + 渐进式离任　；参考：《中国工业经济》2017年10期

【摘要】：本文以美的集团创始人离任后由职业经理人继任事件为例,从创始人离任导致创始人专用性资产减损和继任者继任过程中专用性资产重构的视角出发,将创始人离任模式和继任者来源相结合,讨论企业继任问题的本质和权力交接的不同路径选择及其对企业成长的影响机制。主要发现和结论是:(1)创始人专用性资产是企业发展的关键资源,创始人离任后,继任者能够成功继任的关键在于专用性资产的重构,以突破创始人专用性资产对企业成长的约束,实现企业权杖顺利交接;(2)创始人离任和继任者继任是一个动态复杂、相辅相成的系统性工程,不同权力交接模式具有不同的动因、特征和适用条件,企业应当具体问题具体分析,理性规划,合理安排。企业可以通过"过程培养"、"制度安排"和"文化传承"三个方面的机制设计,将创始人离任时的专用性资产减损程度降至最低,实现创始人专用性资产和继任者专用性资产的转化和替代,形成对职业经理人的互信、激励和约束,实现职业经理人的成功继任,家族利益和企业价值的共赢。本文对于民营企业创始人离任后权力交接的路径选择具有重要的启示意义。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the event of professional manager succession after the departure of Midea founder as an example, from the perspective of the loss of founder's exclusive assets and the reconstruction of specific assets in the process of successor succession. Combining the departure mode of founder with the source of successor, this paper discusses the essence of enterprise succession problem, the choice of different paths of power transfer and its influence mechanism on enterprise growth. The main findings and conclusions are that the special assets of the founder is the key resource for the development of the enterprise. After the founder leaves office, the key to succeed his successor lies in the reconstruction of the special assets. In order to break through the constraints of founder's special assets on the growth of enterprises, to realize the smooth handover of enterprise staff and successors is a dynamic complex and complementary systematic project, and different modes of power transfer have different motives. Characteristics and applicable conditions, enterprises should be specific problems specific analysis, rational planning, reasonable arrangements. Through "process training", "system arrangement" and "cultural heritage", the enterprise can reduce the loss of the founder's special assets to the minimum when he leaves office. To realize the transformation and substitution of founder's special assets and successors' special assets, to form mutual trust, incentive and restraint to professional managers, to realize the successful succession of professional managers, and to achieve the win-win of family interests and enterprise value. This article has the important enlightenment significance for the private enterprise founder to leave the post power transfer path choice.
【作者单位】：中山大学管理学院;中山大学现代会计与财务研究中心、管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“董事会的权力结构:影响因素与经济后果”(批准号71272196);国家自然科学基金面上项目“财务资助与股东兼债权人治理研究”(批准号71572206) 广东省人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“董事会结构、运作与绩效研究”(批准号2012JDXM-0002)
【分类号】：F272.91;F426.6

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