中国汽车出口竞争力:“一带一路”视野下的长期结构分析

发布时间：2018-10-13 10:15

【摘要】：中国汽车工业的大规模出口始于21世纪初,迄今只经历了两个阶段,仍处于幼稚的成长期。尽管中国汽车工业是以合资模式作为主导发展模式,但合资模式下几乎垄断了国内市场的合资品牌车企缺乏出口动机,而自主品牌车企却因其自身的生存特点和发展需要对出口有着更强的动机,所以,目前中国汽车出口的主体为自主品牌。限于技术和管理水平,中国汽车出口的自主品牌主要面向中低端市场,并由此形成了比较优势;出口目的地主要为发展中国家和新兴市场。这种出口的重点市场和结构恰好与"一带一路"倡议所及的沿线国家具有高重合度。因此,依托"一带一路"倡议,中国汽车工业可以继续深耕若干传统出口市场并有效解决长期存在的结构性问题;同时也必须要有长远的战略思维,在巩固优势的同时,克服暗藏于比较优势中的实际劣势,从而使中国汽车工业的出口进入良性发展的新阶段。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, China's auto industry has experienced only two stages and is still in its infancy. Although China's auto industry is dominated by joint ventures, which almost monopolize the domestic market, lack export incentives. But the independent brand automobile enterprises have stronger motive to export because of their own survival characteristics and development needs, so at present, the main body of Chinese automobile export is independent brand. Limited to the level of technology and management, the independent brands of China's auto exports are mainly oriented to the middle and low end markets, and thus form a comparative advantage, while the export destinations are mainly developing countries and emerging markets. The key markets and structures of such exports coincide with the countries along the route of Belt and Road's initiative. Therefore, relying on the "Belt and Road" initiative, China's auto industry can continue to cultivate a number of traditional export markets and effectively solve long-standing structural problems. At the same time, it must also have a long-term strategic thinking to consolidate its advantages at the same time. To overcome the actual disadvantages hidden in comparative advantage, the export of China's automobile industry has entered a new stage of benign development.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史学系;华中师范大学中国工业文化研究中心;
【分类号】：F426.471;F752.62

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