手工业与工业化技术:中印手工纺织业的比较
发布时间：2019-03-16 19:20
【摘要】：手工业与现代技术工业化是国家生产模式的二元结构,在跨文化的视野下分析这种二元结构的发展趋势,总结得失利弊,对于考量国家现代化政策水平不无裨益。中印手工纺织业的比较正是这方面的一个研究个案。中印两国政府都曾以同样的决心改革传统手工业生产,提高现代工业化水平,加速国家现代化。两国也有差异,新中国初期实行手工业改造,鼓励工人和农民转向工业技术就业;印度则限制农村手工业的转型,在城市实施大规模的工业化。这两种努力的长期结果是大不相同的,在中国,手工业生产已缩减至小众范围,中国在现代化经济繁荣后发展起来的旅游文化产业和遗产保护工作催生了新的手工业品。在印度,目前仍有数以千万计的家庭在从事手工纺织业的劳作,支持和保护手工业及其价值观成为一种强大的政治号召,推动人们为维护社会公正和环境保护而奋斗。解读这一个案具有启示意义。
[Abstract]:Handicraft industry and modern technology industrialization are the dual structure of national production mode. It is helpful to consider the level of national modernization policy by analyzing the development trend of this dual structure from the perspective of cross-culture and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of the dual structure. The comparison of the manual textile industry between China and India is a case study in this respect. Both Chinese and Indian governments have adopted the same determination to reform traditional handicraft production, raise the level of modern industrialization, and accelerate the modernization of the country. There are also differences between the two countries, with the initial transformation of the handicraft industry in New China to encourage workers and farmers to switch to industrial and technological employment, and India to limit the transformation of rural handicrafts and to implement large-scale industrialization in the cities. The long-term results of the two efforts are very different. In China, handicraft production has shrunk to a niche, and tourism and cultural industries and heritage conservation efforts developed after China's modern economic boom have spawned new handicrafts. In India, tens of millions of families are still working in the handicraft textile industry, supporting and protecting the handicraft industry and its values has become a powerful political call to promote the struggle for social justice and environmental protection. It is instructive to interpret this case.
【作者单位】： 爱丁堡大学社会人类学系;北京师范大学民俗典籍文字研究中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“跨文化学理论与方法论”(16JJD750006)
【分类号】：F426.81;F435.1
，
本文编号：2441893
[Abstract]:Handicraft industry and modern technology industrialization are the dual structure of national production mode. It is helpful to consider the level of national modernization policy by analyzing the development trend of this dual structure from the perspective of cross-culture and summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of the dual structure. The comparison of the manual textile industry between China and India is a case study in this respect. Both Chinese and Indian governments have adopted the same determination to reform traditional handicraft production, raise the level of modern industrialization, and accelerate the modernization of the country. There are also differences between the two countries, with the initial transformation of the handicraft industry in New China to encourage workers and farmers to switch to industrial and technological employment, and India to limit the transformation of rural handicrafts and to implement large-scale industrialization in the cities. The long-term results of the two efforts are very different. In China, handicraft production has shrunk to a niche, and tourism and cultural industries and heritage conservation efforts developed after China's modern economic boom have spawned new handicrafts. In India, tens of millions of families are still working in the handicraft textile industry, supporting and protecting the handicraft industry and its values has become a powerful political call to promote the struggle for social justice and environmental protection. It is instructive to interpret this case.
【作者单位】： 爱丁堡大学社会人类学系;北京师范大学民俗典籍文字研究中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“跨文化学理论与方法论”(16JJD750006)
【分类号】：F426.81;F435.1
，
本文编号：2441893
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/gongshangguanlilunwen/2441893.html
