中国水泥产能过剩问题及对策研究

发布时间：2019-06-03 20:35

【摘要】：近几年来,国家提出供给侧改革,优化经济发展结构,水泥需求因此下降,2015年全国水泥产量23.5亿吨,同比下降4.9%,为本世纪来首次负增长,全国水泥产能发挥率下降到75%以下,行业内竞争加剧,大部分企业效益下滑,甚至亏损,职工收入下降,因此如何化解当前和未来水泥产能过剩是不可回避的问题。国内关于产能过剩研究近10多年来逐步增多,取得了一系列研究成果,形成一套完整的化解产能过剩的理论和方法,但相对缺乏针对水泥行业过剩的研究,本文从研究水泥产业特点出发,按照产业组织SCP理论分析产业发展和运行规律,提出针对性的化解水泥产能过剩的政策。经测算,认为当前水泥产能过剩严重,且具有结构性过剩特点,是长期性的过剩问题,化解产能过剩需要解决两个问题:一是削减产能,调节总供给;二是在解决产能过剩情况下市场恶性竞争的问题。通过SCP分析结论提出了鼓励适度竞争、改变兼并重组模式、鼓励强强联合、区域内合并、形成有效集中度及大小企业分层竞争模式,缓解恶性竞争,维护行业健康有序发展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the state has put forward supply-side reforms to optimize the structure of economic development, resulting in a decline in cement demand. In 2015, the national cement production was 2.35 billion tons, down 4.9 percent from the same period last year, the first negative growth in this century. The distribution rate of cement production capacity in China has dropped to less than 75%, the competition within the industry has intensified, the efficiency of most enterprises has declined, or even lost money, and the income of workers has fallen. Therefore, how to resolve the current and future cement overcapacity is an unavoidable problem. The domestic research on overcapacity has gradually increased in the past 10 years, and a series of research results have been obtained, forming a set of complete theories and methods to resolve overcapacity, but there is a relative lack of research on excess capacity in the cement industry. Based on the study of the characteristics of cement industry, this paper analyzes the law of industrial development and operation according to the theory of industrial organization SCP, and puts forward a targeted policy to resolve cement overcapacity. It is estimated that the current cement overcapacity is serious and has the characteristics of structural excess, which is a long-term surplus problem. To solve the problem, two problems need to be solved: one is to reduce production capacity and adjust the total supply; The second is to solve the problem of vicious competition in the market under the condition of overcapacity. Through the conclusion of SCP analysis, it is put forward to encourage moderate competition, change the mode of merger and reorganization, encourage strong and strong combination, merge within the region, form the mode of effective concentration and hierarchical competition of large and small enterprises, alleviate the vicious competition, and maintain the healthy and orderly development of the industry.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.71

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