非洲能源消耗、生产要素和能源要素替代以及经济发展

发布时间：2021-08-29 07:35

　　能源是经济发展的基石,因此,我们要关注能源发展,其使用的可得性以及能源消费给环境带来的影响。考虑到能源使用的不确定性,对能源开发项目投资的任何决策都需要提前规划。本论文正是基于此,旨在提供非洲能源发展所需的规划,以帮助弥补现有研究差距和政策创新。本文选取非洲的一些国家（即加纳,尼日利亚,南非和埃及）,使用超越对数生产函数方法研究能源替代可能性。把石油、电煤消费量作为能源投入,并加入了资本和劳动力投入。首先,模型计算出了产出弹性以及各种投入变量之间的替代弹性。其次,投入要素之间替代的可行性将在很大程度上取决于技术进步,因此需要估计所使用的各种投入的技术进步。最后,我们讨论了增加使用可再生能源的政策,以增加可再生能源投资和消费量的扩大。论文为所选择的各国和所有非洲国家提供了一些政策建议。首先,对加纳的研究结果表明,所有投入要素之间随着相对技术进步均可表现出相互替代性并会收敛。这表明,将资源转向技术改进以实现更清洁的能源生产（如电力）将随着时间的推移取得成功,这意味着未来可以在更清洁的环境中为经济发展提供能源供应,并减少二氧化碳排放。提高电力生产和促进其使用需要政府政策,例如资本补贴和税收减... 

【文章来源】：厦门大学福建省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：133 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Background of the study
    1.2 Motivation for the study
        1.2.1 The need to develop new growth models for Africa
        1.2.2 The need to intensify the development of renewable energy in Africa
        1.2.3 The need to evaluate the impact of climate change mitigation policies
        1.2.4 Understanding energy substitution will provide opportunities for energytransition in Africa
        1.2.5 Bridging the research gap on energy related studies on Africa
    1.3 Research objectives
        1.3.1 Estimate Africa's production technology
        1.3.2 Extract Output Elasticity
        1.3.3 Extract Elasticities of Substitution
        1.3.4 Estimate Technical Change
        1.3.5 Compute Environmental Benefits
        1.3.6 Suggest Relevant Policies
    1.4 Published works
    1.5 Organization of the thesis
CHAPTER TWO ECONOMIC GROWTH, INTER-FACTOR AND INTER-FUEL SUBSTITUTION INAFRICA
    2.1 Ghana
    2.2 South Africa
    2.3 Nigeria
    2.4 Egypt
    2.5 Africa in general
CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE REVIEW
    3.1 Review of studies on energy consumption and economic growth
    3.2 Review of studies on inter-factor and inter-fuel substitution
CHAPTER FOUR METHODS AND DATA
    4.1 Unit roots
    4.2 Test for multicollinearity
        4.2.1 Pearson's correlation
        4.2.2 Kmenta Approach
    4.3 Translog production function time series method
    4.4 Ridge regression estimate approach
    4.5 Translog production function panel data method
        4.5.1 Random effect testing
        4.5.2 Multicollinearity test
        4.5.3 Translog production function
        4.5.4 Technical difference or change (Panel data method)
        4.5.5     technical change (Time series method)
        4.5.6 Scenario Analysis of substitution benefit
    4.6 DATA
        4.6.1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
        4.6.2 Capital Stock
        4.6.3 Labor
        4.6.4 Electricity and petroleum consumption
        4.6.5 Coal consumption
CHAPTER FIVE RESULT ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN AFRICA
    5.1 Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Africa
        5.1.1 Evidence for Ghana
        5.1.2 Evidence for Nigeria
        5.1.3 Evidence for South Africa
        5.1.4 Evidence for Egypt
    5.2 Panel data evidence for Africa
CHAPTER SIX RESULTS ON INTER-FUEL SUBSTITUTION AND TECHNICAL CHANGE INAFRICA
    6.1 Time series evidence for Ghana
        6.1.2 Benefits of Substitution
    6.2 Evidence for Nigeria
    6.3 Benefits of Substitution
    6.4 Evidence for South Africa
    6.5 Benefits of Substitution (South Africa)
    6.6 Evidence for Egypt
    6.7 Benefits of Substitution (Egypt)
    6.8 Panel Data evidence for Africa
CHAPTER SEVEN CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY SUGGESTION
    7.1 CONCLUSSION
    7.2 POLICY SUGGESTIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCE



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