我国农村商业银行与农村合作银行的盈利能力研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 19:20

本文关键词：我国农村商业银行与农村合作银行的盈利能力研究　出处：《西南财经大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的不断发展,城乡经济的差距已经越来越大,若想缩小城乡贫富差距、减小人民内部矛盾,就要发展农村经济,支持农村建设,这就需要资金的大力支持。另一方面,我国经济发达的地区,农业占比逐年下降,农户和农业需要的资金支持减少,为他们提供金融支持和服务的农村信用社存在资源浪费的现象。并且,它庞大的组织体系,落后的制度和基础设施使它的发展跟不上经济发展的需求。近些年,农村信用社机构体系正在通过改革,寻求以新的方式更好地服务于农民和农业。 2003年,中央政府下达农村信用社改革的文件。文件指出,改革后的组织形式有两种,即农村商业银行和农村合作银行。达到改革条件的各农村信用社根据具体情况选择改革模式。银行以安全性、流动性和盈利性为经营原则,所以要对银行的盈利能力加强关注,而不仅仅关注资本充足率、资产质量等问题。盈利能力强才能甩脱历史沉重的包袱,促进自身的可持续发展,对农村经济的发展也起到促进作用。笔者希望通过对农村商业银行和农村合作银行的现状分析和盈利能力分析,提出目前存在的问题和相应对策,对农村金融机构的改革、农村商业银行和农村合作银行的发展提供参考和借鉴。研究方法为理论和实践相结合,关于农村商业银行和农村合作银行的发展、公司盈利能力研究的理论很多,通过学习这些理论,再运用实践的分析方法加以具体分析。我国农村商业银行与农村合作银行两种模式的阐述和影响农村商业银行和农村合作银行的盈利能力因素的理论分析要用规范分析法。文章讨论了农村商业银行和农村合作银行的发展现状、某些因素如何影响农村商业银行和农村合作银行的盈利能力,这部分使用了比较分析和实证分析的方法。对数据的分析,采用了定性分析和定量分析相结合的手法。本文的结构有以下六个部分：第一部分是导论。介绍了笔者选择研究这个题目的原因,本文的结构、研究采取的方法、创新和不足。第二部分是我国农村商业银行和农村合作银行的概述。对农商行和农合行成立的背景和这两种模式的特点进行介绍。第三部分是我国农村商业银行和农村合作银行的发展现状。通过46家农村商业银行和农村合作银行2004—2009年的170组的样本数据,对他们的资产规模、盈利能力、风险情况、股权结构和公司治理的现状进行描述和概括,以及和农业银行、工商银行、建设银行对应数据做比较,得出发展现状。第四部分是讨论资产规模、风险、股权结构、当地宏观经济如何影响农村商业银行和农村合作银行的盈利能力,并用EXCEL进行回归分析。第五部分分析农村商业银行和农村合作银行目前存在一些问题,如风险管理有待加强、公司治理结构不完善、吸收存款能力较弱,政策意图与商业目的相矛盾。第六部提出发展建议,如加强银行的风险管理体系的建设,优化股权结构,发挥“三会”的实际作用,通过提供差异化服务、优化服务流程来提高银行自身的竞争力,丰富资金来源。从政府的角度,应该给予为农业提供贷款的项目和银行一定的支持,才能引导更多的资金支持“三农”,提高农民的收入,促进农业的发展。本文可能的创新之处在于：第一,有数据样本作为分析的基础。农村商业银行和农村合作银行上市公开信息的很少,本文搜集的46家农村商业银行和农村合作银行的数据十分不易,2004年—2009年内共170组数据,每一组包含了85个数据项,经过整理、加工,用于本论文的共有63个数据项。第二,关于国有商业银行和城市商业银行盈利能力研究的相关文献较多,而关于农村商业银行和农村合作银行的盈利能力研究相关文献就很少。第三,根据对数据的分析得出的结论,归纳出来的问题比较具有现实意义,提出进一步完善与发展农村商业银行和农村合作银行的政策建议,也为农村金融体系的发展提供一些经验和借鉴。本文的不足之处是：第一,数据不够完整。本文的分析需要获取大量的数据,涉及到46家农村商业银行和农村合作银行,2004年—2009年内的85项具体数据,这些规模小的银行在信息披露方面的工作确实做得不足,所以搜集得也不完整,这给研究分析也带来了很多不便,只能较笼统地分析总结。第二,理论与实证的基础知识和研究能力不足,所以因素分析的研究很不太严谨。其他各方面分析也还不够深入,有待进一步学习和提高。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of China's economy, the gap between urban and rural economic is more and more big, to narrow the urban-rural gap, reduce the contradictions among the people, to support the development of the rural economy, rural construction, it needs financial support. On the other hand, the economically developed areas in China, agriculture accounted for decreased year by year, farmers the funds needed to support agriculture and reduce, provide financial support and services for their rural credit cooperatives are a waste of resources. Also, its large organization system, system and infrastructure to make it to keep up with the development of the demand of economic development. In recent years, institutional system of rural credit cooperatives is through reform, to seek new ways to better serve farmers and agriculture.
In 2003, the central government issued a document on the reform of rural credit cooperatives. The document pointed out that there are two kinds of organizational forms after reform. They are rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks. The rural credit cooperatives that meet the reform conditions choose the reform mode according to specific circumstances.
Banks to safety, liquidity and profitability as the operating principle, so we should pay more attention to the profitability of banks, not only pay attention to the capital adequacy ratio, asset quality and other issues. Strong profitability to shake off the heavy historical burden, promote its sustainable development, the development of the rural economy has also played a role in promoting the author. Hope that through the analysis of the status quo analysis and profitability of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks, put forward existing problems and corresponding countermeasures, the reform of rural financial institutions, and to provide reference for the development of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks.
The research method of combining theory and practice, the development of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks on the profitability of the company, many theories, through the study of these theories, using the analysis method of practice in detail. The rural commercial bank and rural cooperative bank two modes of exposition and affect profitability factors in rural areas commercial banks and rural cooperative banks the theoretical analysis to the analysis specification. This paper discusses the development status of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks, some factors to influence the rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks' profitability, this part uses the method of comparative analysis and empirical analysis. The analysis of the data, using the the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis methods.
The structure of this article has the following six parts:
The first part is the introduction. It introduces the reasons for the author's choice to study the subject, the structure of this article, the methods to be taken, the innovation and the deficiency.
The second part is an overview of the rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks in China. The background of the establishment of agricultural commercial banks and agricultural cooperation banks and the characteristics of the two models are introduced.
The third part is the current development of China's rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks. Through the 170 groups of sample data of 46 rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks from 2004 to 2009, the size of their assets, profitability, risk, described and summarized the status quo of ownership structure and corporate governance, and the Agricultural Bank Industrial and commercial bank, construction bank, compared with the corresponding data, the development of the status quo.
The fourth part discusses asset size, risk, ownership structure, and how the local macro economy affects the profitability of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks, and makes regression analysis with EXCEL.
The fifth part analyzes the existing problems of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks, such as risk management needs to be strengthened, corporate governance structure is not perfect, the ability to absorb deposits is weak, and policy intentions are inconsistent with commercial purposes.
The sixth part put forward some suggestions, such as strengthening the construction of the bank's risk management system, optimize the ownership structure, play a practical role in three ", by providing differentiated services, optimize service processes to improve the competitiveness of the banks themselves, rich sources of funds. From the government angle, should be given to provide loans for agricultural projects and the bank will support, to guide more funds to support the" three rural ", improve the income of farmers, promote the development of agriculture.
The innovation of this article lies in: first, the data sample as the basis for analysis. Few public information listed rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks, this paper collected 46 rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks data is not easy, from 2004 to 2009 a total of 170 sets of data, each group contains 85 the data, after finishing processing, this paper, for a total of 63 data items. Second literatures on the study of state owned commercial bank and city commercial bank profitability, and the related literatures about the profitability of the rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks is very few. Third, according to the analysis of the data obtained conclusion, comparison of the problems summarized has practical significance, put forward further improvement and development of rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks policy suggestions for rural financial system. The exhibition provides some experience and reference.
The inadequacies of this article are: first, the data is not complete. This paper analysis needs to obtain large amounts of data, involving 46 rural commercial banks and rural cooperative banks, 85 specific data from 2004 to 2009, these small banks in terms of information disclosure work is really insufficient, so the collection was not this study is complete, to bring a lot of inconvenience, but is generally analyzed. Second, the basic knowledge of theoretical and empirical research and lack of capacity, so the research on factor analysis is not too strict. Analysis of other aspects have also not deep enough, need further study and improve.

【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.35

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