金融脱媒的深化对我国商业银行的盈利影响分析

发布时间：2018-01-03 19:22

本文关键词：金融脱媒的深化对我国商业银行的盈利影响分析　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国际国内经济形势的发展和金融改革的不断推进,我国的金融市场上出现了金融脱媒也就是直接融资占融资总量的比重逐渐上升的现象,资金绕开银行等中介系统直接在资金需求方和供给方之间配置。资本市场(尤其是证券市场)融资能力迅速增长,削弱了银行等存款机构吸收存款的能力；同时,直接融资市场的兴起给企业带来更多获得资金的渠道,传统意义上的银行中介作用被弱化。金融脱媒引起了国内金融市场环境的变化,持续负利率环境促使储蓄资金脱离银行系统,信贷调控的趋紧也刺激了企业直接融资需求,同时影子银行的出现一定程度上对银行的资产结构造成影响。这种现象通过商业银行的内部制度、风险管理、和公司治理结构等层面对一直以存贷利差为主要盈利来源的银行盈利状况造成影响。首先,进一步动摇商业银行资金运作的稳定性；其次,提高了对商业银行业务创新能力的要求；同时,地方债的试点促使商业银行完善现有信贷格局。这些新的状况使得商业银行的表内业务发生结构和数量上变化,从而影响到商业银行的盈利能力。由于商业银行的盈利来源主要是表内业务和表外业务,并且目前绝大部分的利润仍然来自存贷利差收入,所以在分析金融脱媒对我国商业银行盈利的影响时,重点验证了金融脱媒对商业银行表内业务的影响,即对商业银行资产和负债业务的影响。在负债业务中主要针对存款来源结构和存款期限结构的影响进行分析,而针对资产业务,主要是贷款的分析中,由于贷款可能受到宏观调控信贷政策的影响,在收集到的数据中并未得出明显效果,但是从贷款结构上来看,金融脱媒已经逐步改变了企业的融资结构。通过这些方面的分析得出对商业银行盈利能力的影响。最后在“金融脱媒深化”的大背景下,分三个方面提出我国商业银行的应对策略以及如何完善目前的盈利模式：第一,加大金融创新力度、推进综合化经营；第二,转换业务经营模式、调整客户结构；第三适应利率市场化改革、建立健全利率定价机制。随着利率市场化的进一步推进,商业银行的竞争日益激烈,融资渠道的多元化以及融资工具的不断增多,都对商业银行的盈利模式带来了挑战,适时调整发展方式,迎合市场的不断变化,是商业银行业务经营更加持续、稳定的重要保障。
[Abstract]:With the development of international and domestic economic situation and the continuous promotion of financial reform, the phenomenon of financial disintermediation, that is, the proportion of direct financing to the total amount of financing, is gradually rising in the financial market of our country. The capital bypassing the intermediary system such as the bank is allocated directly between the demand side and the supply side. The rapid growth of the capital market (especially the securities market) weakens the ability of depository institutions such as banks to absorb deposits; At the same time, the rise of direct financing market has brought more channels for enterprises to obtain funds, and the traditional bank intermediary role has been weakened. Financial disintermediation has caused changes in the domestic financial market environment, the persistent negative interest rate environment has prompted savings funds to leave the banking system, and the tightening of credit regulation has stimulated the direct financing needs of enterprises. At the same time, the emergence of shadow banking to some extent has an impact on the asset structure of banks. This phenomenon through the internal system of commercial banks, risk management. And corporate governance structure and other aspects of the bank has been the main source of profit with deposit and loan as the main source of profitability. First, further destabilize the stability of commercial banks' capital operation; Secondly, it raises the requirement of the commercial bank's business innovation ability; At the same time, the pilot of local debt promotes the commercial banks to perfect the existing credit pattern. These new conditions make the structure and quantity of the business in the form of commercial banks change, thus affecting the profitability of commercial banks. Since the profit source of commercial banks is mainly in and out of balance sheet business, and most of the profits are still from deposit and loan interest income, so in the analysis of the financial disintermediation of the impact on the profitability of commercial banks in China. The impact of financial disintermediation on the balance sheet business of commercial banks, that is, the impact on the assets and liabilities of commercial banks, is mainly analyzed in terms of the structure of deposit source and the structure of deposit maturity. For the asset business, mainly in the analysis of loans, because loans may be affected by macro-control credit policy, there is no obvious effect in the collected data, but from the perspective of loan structure. Financial disintermediation has gradually changed the financing structure of enterprises. Through the analysis of these aspects, the impact on the profitability of commercial banks has been drawn. Finally, under the background of "financial disintermediation deepening". This paper puts forward the countermeasures of Chinese commercial banks and how to improve the current profit model in three aspects: first, strengthen financial innovation and promote comprehensive management; Second, to change the business model and adjust the customer structure; Third, to adapt to the interest rate marketization reform, establish and improve the interest rate pricing mechanism. With the further promotion of interest rate marketization, the increasingly fierce competition of commercial banks, the diversification of financing channels and the increasing number of financing tools have brought challenges to the profit model of commercial banks. Timely adjustment of the mode of development to meet the changing market is an important guarantee for the business operation of commercial banks to be more sustainable and stable.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.33

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