中国商业银行区域信贷配给研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 01:18

本文关键词：中国商业银行区域信贷配给研究　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信贷配给是商业银行信贷投放过程的一种常态，表现为借款者的信贷资金需求不能全部被满足。古典经济学家认为信贷配给仅是因受到外部冲击或监管部门管制时的出现的暂时现象，而新凯恩斯主义经济学家认为当信贷市场均衡时仍会发生信贷需求未能出清的现象。现在，经济学者几乎已经达成一致：信贷配给是一种长期均衡的现象。目前，全球依然处于经济金融化、经济全球化和金融全球化持续发展的阶段，且融资方式仍然是以银行业信贷投放的间接融资方式为主，但随着中国金融体系不断完善健全，以资本市场的债券、股票为主的直接融资比例逐步上升，将会发生直接融资逆转的情况。2009年，为应对美国次贷金融危机，中国推出4万亿的政府投资计划，因此政府加大了对商业银行信贷投放规模的直接干预，导致2009年出现“天量放贷”的状况。这项政策的实施虽然在一定程度上减轻了世界经济危机对中国经济的冲击，但是信贷资金向国家基础设施和各级地区大型项目等的集中投放，加剧了我国信贷资源向政府主导项目、国家控股企业的大量聚集，导致了中小企业、乡镇企业面临融资困难的窘境，致使我国信贷市场处于典型的政府干预下的非均衡信贷配给状态，且具有逐步加深的趋势。在此基础上，国家东、中、西及东北地区战略规划的推行、利率市场化的启动、巴塞尔Ⅲ协议的分阶段实施、影子银行规模的迅速成长、货币政策中介目标的转换，使笔者认为有必要理清我国金融体制改革的方向，为商业银行可持续经营提出合理性意见和建议。因此，笔者立足于中国信贷市场，对处于不同经济发展水平区域中的商业银行信贷配给进行实证研究，分析得出影响商业银行信贷配给程度差异的影响因素，以此为商业银行提出合理的信贷配给实施意见，，指导我国商业银行在不同区域信贷市场中合理分配信贷资源，同当地经济协调发展，以此提高中国商业银行的综合竞争力。本文首先阐述了信贷配给现象产生的经济背景，界定了信贷配给的核心概念，并对整篇文章的逻辑脉络进行了梳理，与此同时，笔者结合长期在大型商业银行信贷管理部门的实际工作经验，以及平日在信贷工作中对信贷配给的思考，制定出整篇文章的技术路线图，并提出本文预期的理论创新和可能存在的不足之处。第二章文献综述通过对区域经济发展理论、金融发展理论、信贷配给理论的阐述，结合众多学者对信贷配给与区域经济发展关系的研究结论，笔者从金融正、负功能的影响出发，对信贷配给的形成机制进行初步探究。第三章重点对中国商业银行区域信贷配给的现状进行了综合的分析。在对中国不同时期东部、中部、西部、东北等四大区域经济发展水平、产业结构、城乡发展等情况差异化分析的基础上，以十六家上市商业银行为研究对象，对中国银行业的信贷配给状况进行统计分析。在此基础上，第四章归纳出影响中国商业银行信贷配给程度的四大影响因素，即国家政策影响因素、市场结构影响因素、银行业自身经营和非银行金融机构等。第五章以商业银行的经营特殊性为切入点，结合利率市场化改革、巴塞尔协议Ⅲ、影子银行等金融改革因素，通过建立相应数理模型，来研究利率市场管制与放开情况下及巴塞尔协议实施后的中国商业银行信贷配给机制。最后一章以金融可持续发展观为指导理念，基于上述章节的研究结果，为中国商业银行区域信贷配给政策的制定和实施提出意见和建议，最后，本文为中国商业银行与区域经济的可持续协调发展构建出政策建议框架。本文的创新点主要有：一是基于对中国上市商业银行信贷配给现状的分析，归纳出影响中国商业银行区域信贷配给产生的主要因素，并对各因素进行综合解析；二是通过构建数理模型，论证在利率市场化、巴塞尔Ⅲ协议实施后的信贷配给程度变化方向，尤其是在政府对信贷配给实施干预的情况下，商业银行应该如何协调与地方政府的关系，使其更具竞争力；三是利用银行统计数据，分别对一家大型商业银行和一家中型商业银行东、中、西、东部等四大区域的信贷配给程度及发展趋势进行实证分析，并得出相应结论。虽然本文力争对中国商业银行信贷配给的产生机理、影响因素、机制构建等方面进行较全面、较深入的研究，但由于有限的数据资料和研究时间，本文仍存在以下几点不足，待续完善：一是缺乏对于国外先进同业的利率市场化环境下的客户群体分析，缺少可以借鉴的样本；二是对于巴塞尔协议对于商业银行的全流程运营产生的深远影响还没有分析到位；三是本文的实证分析样本量选取不足。
[Abstract]:Credit rationing is a normal commercial bank credit process, performance for the borrower's credit demand cannot be met. All the classical economists believed that credit rationing is only due to a temporary phenomenon by external shocks or regulatory control of the new Keynes economists think there will be a demand for credit is still not clear when the credit market equilibrium. Now, the economic scholars have agreed: credit rationing is a long-term phenomenon.
At present, the global economy is still in the financial, economic and financial globalization and sustainable development stage, and the financing is still dominated by indirect financing of banking credit, but with the Chinese financial system constantly improve, in the capital market bonds, direct financing proportion of equities to rise gradually, will direct financing reversal the.2009, as a response to the subprime crisis, the government launched the Chinese investment plan of 4 trillion, so the government has increased the direct intervention on the scale of commercial bank credit, in 2009 "the amount of lending". The implementation of this policy although to some extent alleviated the impact of the economic crisis on the world economy China however, credit funds to the national infrastructure and regional levels of large project devoted, exacerbated the credit resources in our country to the government Leading projects and large number of state holding enterprises have led to small and medium-sized enterprises and township enterprises facing difficulties in financing difficulties, which results in the unbalanced credit rationing situation of Chinese credit market under typical government intervention, and has a trend of gradual deepening.
On this basis, the national strategic planning, East, West and northeast regions of the implementation of the interest rate market started, Basel III stages of the implementation of the agreement, the rapid growth in the size of the shadow banking, the conversion of intermediate target of monetary policy, so I think it is necessary to clarify China's financial system reform, put forward reasonable suggestions and suggestions for the sustainable management of commercial banks. Therefore, the author based on the Chinese credit market in the area of different levels of economic development in the commercial bank credit rationing of empirical research, analysis of factors that affect the degree of commercial bank credit rationing difference, as commercial banks raised credit rationing reasonable opinions, guide commercial banks in China the rational allocation of credit resources in different regions in the credit market, with the coordinated development of the local economy, in order to improve the comprehensive competitiveness of commercial bank China.
This paper first describes the economic background of the credit rationing phenomenon, defines the core concepts of credit rationing, and the whole article on the logical context and at the same time, the author combined with the term in the credit management department of large commercial banks in the actual work experience, and work on weekdays in the credit rationing of credit, make the whole article the technology roadmap, and put forward the theoretical innovation of this article is expected and possible shortcomings. The second chapter is the literature review based on the theory of regional economic development, financial development theory, credit rationing theory elaboration, combined with the result of research on the relationship between credit rationing and regional economic development of many scholars, the author from the financial impact of positive and negative the formation mechanism of credit rationing of a preliminary inquiry. The third chapter focuses on the comprehensive status of regional credit rationing of commercial banks China The analysis of Chinese. In the eastern, Central West, Northeast China in different periods, such as the four regional economic development level, industrial structure, urban and rural development based on the analysis of the situation of poor dissimilation, sixteen listed commercial banks as the research object, credit rationing of China banking were analyzed. On this basis, the fourth chapter summarized the influence of the four factors of commercial bank credit rationing China, the factors of the impact of national policies, the influence factors of market structure, the banking industry's own business and non bank financial institutions. In the fifth chapter of the commercial bank business as the starting point, combined with the market-oriented interest rate reform, Basel III, shadow banks and other financial reform factors, through the establishment of the corresponding mathematical model to study the interest rate market and the opening situation and Basel after the implementation of the commercial bank credit rationing mechanism. Finally Chinese A chapter on financial sustainable development as the guiding idea, the research results based on the development of commercial banks, as China regional credit rationing policy and put forward opinions and suggestions, finally, this paper constructed the framework for policy recommendations of sustainable development of commercial banks China and regional economy.
The main innovations of this paper are: one is the situation analysis of listed commercial bank credit rationing based on China, summed up the main factors that influence the commercial bank Chinese regional credit rationing is generated, and a comprehensive analysis of various factors; the two is through the construction of mathematical model, demonstrated in the interest rate market, the implementation of Basel III agreement the extent of credit rationing after the change of direction, especially in the case of credit rationing intervention, commercial banks should be how to coordinate the relationship with local government and make it more competitive; three is the use of statistical data bank, respectively, of a large commercial bank and a medium-sized commercial bank in the East, West, empirical analysis of the extent of credit rationing and the trend of the development of the eastern and the four regions, and the corresponding results are obtained.
Although this article try to influence factors of commercial bank China credit rationing mechanism, mechanism construction of a more comprehensive, more in-depth research, but due to the limited data and research time, still exist the following problems, this paper to be perfect: one is lack of analysis for the interest rate market under the environment of foreign advanced industry customer groups, the lack of a reference sample; two is for the far-reaching influence of the Basel agreement for the whole process of commercial bank operation analysis is not in place; the three is the empirical analysis of sample selection problem.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4

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