中小企业发展的融资瓶颈与中小金融机构对其支持作用的研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 06:17

本文关键词： 中小企业融资中小金融机构支持地区比较　出处：《北京外国语大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国中小企业发展迅速,对国民经济增长、增加就业、扩大进出口、技术创新等都发挥着重要的促进作用,但是其发展也面临诸多困境,其中融资瓶颈问题最为突出。伴随着改革开放的深入推进和金融体系的逐步完善,我国金融机构也有了迅速的发展,特别是出现了多种形式的灵活的中小金融机构,其在完善我国金融体系上的影响不可忽视,但是也存在着发展相对滞后的问题。基于上述情况,本文从国家、省级两个层面分析中小金融机构对中小企业发展融资的支持作用和地区性差异,探索解决中小企业发展的融资瓶颈、加强中小金融机构对中小企业的支持作用的方法,并给出合理的建议。文中进行了大范围的实证分析和多角度论证,为理论研究提供了有力的实证支持,同时采用国家和省级两个层面相结合的分析方式,结合我国区域发展实际情况,增强了研究的针对性,拓展了研究的深度和广度,也使得研究结果更具现实意义和指导作用。本文首先对中小企业融资难的原因和中小金融机构的比较优势进行了理论分析。分析表明,中小企业自身抗风险能力差且融资需求存在“频率高”、“数额小”、“时间性强”的特点；政府在法律制度、财政政策、金融监管等方面对中小企业的扶持力度不足；另外,我国金融环境存在资本市场不完善、针对中小企业的中小金融机构和金融产品不足、信用担保和保险体系不健全等问题,以上情况都增加了中小企业融资的难度。而中小金融机构在信息、组织结构、体制机制和市场发展等方面拥有比较优势,因此本文得出中小金融机构可以利用其自身优势通过关系型融资有效支持中小企业的发展。基于理论分析的结论,本文使用全国数据和山东、广东两省数据分两个层面进行了实证研究。首先针对全国数据进行分析,得出中小金融机构相对于大型金融机构来说可以更好的促进中小企业的发展,但目前其支持力度不足,尚未构成中小企业发展的格兰杰原因；随后,重点针对山东、广东两省的具体情况进行了省级层面的分析,实证结果显示两省总体上与全国水平相同,但山东省中小金融机构对中小企业的促进作用和两者之间的契合关系要优于广东省的情况,这说明不同地区的实际情况是有所差别的。因此,本文从经济发展路径、企业融资倾向、政府作用、金融服务发展水平、社会文化五个方面对两省差异产生的原因进行了分析,认为经济的外向型及内源性发展模式、企业融资中外资占比、政府对金融机构的管制过度与否、为中小企业服务的金融机构发展快慢和社会文化中的信义重视程度都会影响中小企业和中小金融机构的发展关系,这些有针对性的比较分析对不同地区中小企业和中小金融机构的发展具有重要的借鉴意义。最后,结合我国的实际情况和国际经验,本文对如何更好促进中小企业发展和发挥中小金融机构的支持作用进行了探索,并给出合理建议。对于解决中小企业融资瓶颈问题,要积极借鉴国外成功经验,重视各地区的实际情况和差别,中小企业要加强自身实力、树立信用形象并广泛参与社会合作,政府需落实好对中小企业发展的扶持政策、完善相关法律制度并切实加强金融监管,此外还要完善多层次、多渠道的金融体系以创造良好的金融环境,中小金融机构自身也要明确市场定位、加强社会网络建设,以最终实现中小金融机构对中小企业的有力支持和中小企业的健康持续发展。
[Abstract]:China ' s small and medium - sized enterprises have played an important role in the rapid development of small and medium - sized enterprises , increasing employment , expanding import and export , technological innovation , etc . Based on the above situation , this paper analyzes the supporting role and regional difference of small and medium financial institutions on the financing of small and medium - sized enterprises from the national and provincial levels , explores the financing bottleneck of the development of small and medium - sized enterprises , strengthens the supporting role of small and medium - sized financial institutions on small and medium - sized enterprises , and gives reasonable suggestions . This paper first analyzes the causes of SMEs ' financing and the comparative advantage of small and medium - sized financial institutions . The analysis shows that the financial environment of small and medium - sized enterprises has the characteristics of " high frequency " , " small amount " and " timeliness " . In addition , the financial environment of our country has insufficient support to the small and medium - sized enterprises . In addition , the financial environment of our country has the comparative advantage in the aspects of information , organizational structure , institutional mechanism and market development . Based on the conclusion of theoretical analysis , this paper uses the national data and Shandong and Guangdong data to conduct an empirical study . First of all , this paper analyzes the reasons of the difference between the small and medium - sized financial institutions with respect to the large financial institutions . The results show that the economic development path , the enterprise financing tendency , the government function , the financial service development level and the social culture are the same as the national level . Finally , combining with the actual situation and international experience of our country , this paper explores how to promote the development of small and medium - sized enterprises and play the role of small and medium - sized financial institutions , and give reasonable suggestions . To solve the bottleneck problem of SME financing , we should pay great attention to the practical situation and difference of the region . In addition , we should improve the supporting policies for the development of small and medium - sized enterprises , improve the relevant legal system and strengthen the financial supervision . In addition , we should improve the multi - level and multi - channel financial system to create a good financial environment , and the small and medium financial institutions should also improve the social network construction to finally realize the strong support of small and medium - sized financial institutions to the small and medium - sized enterprises and the healthy and sustainable development of small and medium - sized enterprises .

【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F275;F276.3;F832.39

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