小额信贷融资孟加拉国一个国家的女企业家是一个合适的方法吗？

发布时间：2018-01-23 10:20

本文关键词： 小额信贷融资孟加拉国一个国家企业家合适方法　出处：《宁波大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：低调陈述是一种为了满足交际需要而故意用弱化的或有节制的词语代替较直接的、唐突的言辞的修辞手段，同时它也是委婉语的一种实现手段。随着语用学的发展，低调陈述被赋予了新的活力，，低调陈述成为一种被广泛使用的语用策略。它可以通过多种词汇、语法和语篇手段获得意想不到的礼貌、幽默、讽刺效果。C-R-A（合作-关联-顺应）模型是廖巧云在2005年提出的，这是一个言语交际的三维模型，它把语用学三大理论合作原则、关联理论和顺应论结合起来，旨在取长补短，优势互补，建立一个可以从哲学、认知和社会三个维度解释交际过程的模型。在这个模型中，合作是成功交际的先决条件，关联是必要条件，顺应是调节机制。通过对交际言语的阐释初步证明了它的解释力，但是仍需检验。本文采用定性分析方法在C-R-A模型下解读低调陈述言语行为，旨在通过研究初步解决四个问题：（1）基于以往研究对低调陈述进行重新定义和分类；（2）说话者和听话者在C-R-A模式简单模型下的认知过程；（3）低调陈述在C-R-A模式扩展模型下的普遍路径；（4）通过研究验证对C-R-A模式作了一定程度地改进。笔者认为，（1）低调陈述可以根据实现手段分为词汇低调陈述、语法低调陈述和语境低调陈述；（2）C-R-A模型简单模式过于简化，因此在运用此模型对低调陈述进行解读时应该将合作、关联和顺应这三个关键词深化和丰富；（3）参见图形5.9，低调陈述在C-R-A模型扩展模式下是一个合作、最佳关联和隐性顺应的成功交际过程；（4）C-R-A模型扩展模式在对复杂低调陈述言语行为进行解读时，应根据话轮的数量及交际双方是否具有共同的交际目的而片开，不应将复杂的交际过程局限在一个演示模型下。
[Abstract]:Understatement is a rhetorical device which deliberately replaces more direct and abrupt words with weak or restrained words in order to meet the needs of communication. With the development of pragmatics, low-key statement has been given new vitality, and low-key statement has become a widely used pragmatic strategy. It can be used through a variety of words. Grammar and discourse gain unexpected politeness, humor, satire effect. The C-R-A model was put forward by Liao Qiaoyun in 2005. It is a three-dimensional model of verbal communication. It combines the three cooperative principles of pragmatics relevance theory and adaptation theory in order to learn from each other and complement each other in order to establish a philosophy. In this model, cooperation is a prerequisite for successful communication, and relevance is a necessary condition. Adaptation is the regulatory mechanism. Its explanatory power is preliminarily proved by the interpretation of communicative speech, but it still needs to be tested. This paper uses qualitative analysis method to interpret low-key statement speech acts in C-R-A model. The purpose of this paper is to solve four problems: 1) to redefine and classify low-key statements based on previous studies. (2) the cognitive process of the speaker and the listener under the simple C-R-A model; (3) A low-key statement of the general path under the extended C-R-A model; (4) the C-R-A model has been improved to some extent through research verification. The author thinks that the low-key statement can be divided into lexical low-key statement, grammatical low-key statement and contextual low-key statement. The simple model of C-R-A model is too simplified, so we should deepen and enrich the three keywords of cooperation, association and adaptation when we use this model to interpret low-key statements. (3) see figure 5.9. the low-key statement is a successful communication process of cooperation, optimal relevance and implicit adaptation in the extended C-R-A model. When interpreting the speech acts of complex low-key statements, the extended C-R-A model should be based on the number of the rounds and whether the two parties have the same communicative purpose. Complex communication processes should not be confined to a demonstration model.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F833.54;C913.68

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