美国信用卡信用风险的管理与控制

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:25

本文选题：信用卡 + 信用风险管理　；参考：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：信用卡从诞生以来，经过六十多年的发展，现今已成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一种支付工具之一，不论在美国、欧洲，还是亚太地区，尽管各国（地区）的经济发展水平、社会文化、支付习惯有较大差异，但信用卡在现代居民消费支付中均起着不可替代的作用。与此相适应，为规范信用卡的经营行为，维护持卡人权益，促进信用卡支付稳健发展，，许多国家和地区都建立了有效的法律监管体系，为信用卡产业发展构建了强有力的安全保障环境。我国自第一张信用卡问世以来，从无到有、从小到大已走过了27个春秋，取得了举世瞩目的成就，信用卡已成为我国居民使用最频繁的非现金支付工具，卡支付网络已成为中国支付体系的重要组成部分，信用卡产业也已成为与老百姓切身利益和经济金融秩序相关的产业。但是从其他国家信用卡产业发展规律来看，这个时期正是最应该警惕信用风险急剧膨胀的时期。本文通过对信用卡风险管理理论的梳理，并选取在信用卡业务领域最为发达的美国为研究对象，发现成功的信用风险控制与管理依赖于一套严谨而全面的信用风险管理体系，包括：市场化的组织体制、战略化的管理体制、集约化的经营方式、顺畅的运作流程、完善的法律法规和监管制度、发达的个人征信体系和良好的信用文化环境等，其中，发卡行内部的控制管理与发卡行外部的环境保障两个条件缺一不可。在我国，与信用卡产业快速发展不相适应的是：产业发展的法律制度建设和内部风险控制管理手段仍较为滞后，如何规范信用卡使用和保障该产业顺利发展无疑是一个摆在我们面前值得深入思考的问题。作者通过深入剖析我国信用卡市场风险管理现状，认为国内发卡行在组织体制、管理体制、经营方式和运作流程上都存在一些问题，造成信用风险敞口扩大；从外部信用环境看，我国尚未建立健全的信用卡相关法律环境、行业监管体制和全国性的个人征信体系，并且存在较为严重的信用文化缺失，这些都给发卡行带来信用风险隐患。针对上述信用风险控制管理隐患，本文尝试从经济、法律、文化等多个角度提出完善我国信用卡信用风险控制与管理的相应对策和政策建议。
[Abstract]:After more than 60 years of development, credit cards have become one of the indispensable means of payment in our daily life, whether in the United States, Europe or the Asia-Pacific region, despite the level of economic development in various countries (regions). There are great differences in social culture and payment habits, but credit card plays an irreplaceable role in modern residents' consumption payment. In order to standardize the management of credit cards, safeguard the rights and interests of cardholders, and promote the steady development of credit card payments, many countries and regions have established effective legal and regulatory systems. For the development of credit card industry to build a strong security environment. Since the first credit card came out in our country, from nothing to existence, from small to large has gone through 27 Spring and Autumn period, and has made remarkable achievements. Credit card has become the most frequently used non-cash payment tool in our country. The card payment network has become an important part of the payment system in China, and the credit card industry has also become the industry related to the vital interests of the common people and the economic and financial order. But judging from the development law of credit card industry in other countries, this period is the period when credit risk expands rapidly. By combing the theory of credit card risk management, and selecting the United States, which is the most developed credit card business field, as the research object, this paper finds that successful credit risk control and management depend on a rigorous and comprehensive credit risk management system. Including: a market-oriented organizational system, a strategic management system, an intensive management mode, a smooth operation process, a sound legal and regulatory system, a developed personal credit information system and a good credit culture environment, etc., The internal control management of the issuing bank and the external environmental protection of the card issuing bank are indispensable. In China, the rapid development of credit card industry is not suited to: the legal system construction of industrial development and internal risk control management means are still lagging behind. How to standardize the use of credit cards and ensure the smooth development of the industry is undoubtedly a problem worthy of further consideration in front of us. By deeply analyzing the present situation of credit card market risk management in China, the author thinks that there are some problems in the organization system, management system, management mode and operation process of domestic credit card issuers, which results in the expansion of credit risk exposure. From the external credit environment, China has not yet established a sound credit card related legal environment, industry regulatory system and national personal credit system, and there is a serious lack of credit culture. These all bring credit risk hidden trouble to the issuing bank. Aiming at the hidden trouble of credit risk control and management, this paper tries to put forward the corresponding countermeasures and policy suggestions to perfect credit card credit risk control and management in China from the aspects of economy, law, culture and so on.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F837.12;F832.2

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